关于合同效力性强制规定适用问题的案例分析

发布时间：2018-08-28 12:56

【摘要】：合同无效是对合同法律行为最严厉的否定性评价。无效的后果打破了当事人对自我财产的安排,致使当事人合同利益落空,是对当事人意思自治的彻底否定。违反效力性强制性规定正是导致合同无效的原因之一,对当事人的合同利益有着至关重要的影响。然而,如此重要的规定在法律上却并没有明确的适用标准,导致司法机关在依据效力性强制规定审理合同无效案件时非常棘手。本文通过对几个无效合同典型案例的分析探究效力性强制规定的适用标准。本文主要分为以下三个部分：第一部分提出问题,首先介绍了司法实践中涉及依效力性强制规定适用合同无效的案例。三个案例都是起诉合同无效的案件,审理中,各方对如何适用效力性强制性规定及合同是否有效存在不同意见。第二部分从效力性强制性规定的概念分析入手,介绍了罗马法及各大法系主要国家对强制规范与合同效力关系的立法规定、学界观点。接着分析了学界对效力规定适用方法的不同观点,并探讨了各观点的创新和不足。最后着力分析了信用社诉罗某案等案例中合同的效力问题。第三部分首先为了准确理解适用效力性强制规定,对规定其内容的合同法第52条第5项尝试着做了法条的功能解释。接着重点介绍了对效力性强制规定的适用方法,主要是从规范内容、立法目的、调整对象、无效必要性、法官经验等几个方面探究适用效力性强制规定的方法。最后建议立法部门尽快出台相关法律法规。
[Abstract]:Invalid contract is the most severe negative evaluation of the legal act of contract. The result of invalidation breaks the arrangement of the party's property, which results in the loss of the party's contract interests and the complete negation of the party's will autonomy. The violation of the mandatory provisions of validity is one of the reasons leading to the invalidity of the contract, which has a vital impact on the interests of the parties to the contract. However, such an important stipulation does not have a clear standard of application in law, which makes it very difficult for judicial organs to try cases of invalid contracts according to the compulsory provisions of validity. Through the analysis of several typical cases of invalid contracts, this paper explores the applicable standards of mandatory provisions of validity. This article is divided into the following three parts: the first part puts forward the questions, first introduces the case of invalidity of the contract applied according to the validity of the compulsory stipulation in the judicial practice. The three cases are cases in which the contract is invalid. In the trial, the parties have different opinions on how to apply the mandatory provisions of validity and whether the contract is valid or not. The second part begins with the analysis of the concept of mandatory provisions of validity, and introduces the legislative provisions on the relationship between compulsory norms and the validity of contracts in Roman law and the main countries of various legal systems. Then it analyzes the different viewpoints of the application of validity regulation in academic circles, and probes into the innovation and deficiency of each viewpoint. Finally, it analyzes the validity of the contract in the case of Credit Union v. Luo Mou. In the third part, in order to accurately understand the mandatory provisions of applicable validity, the fifth item of Article 52 of the contract Law, which stipulates its content, tries to make the functional interpretation of the article. Then it introduces the applicable methods of the mandatory provisions of validity, mainly from the normative content, legislative purpose, the object of adjustment, the necessity of invalidation, the experience of judges and other aspects to explore the method of applying the mandatory provisions of effectiveness. In the end, it is suggested that the legislature should issue relevant laws and regulations as soon as possible.
【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D923.6

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