第三人侵权中的安全保障义务
发布时间：2019-01-08 07:59
【摘要】：安全保障义务，是指从事住宿、餐饮、娱乐等经营活动的经营者在面向社会公众从事商事行为时，对进入到其营业场所进行交易或者消费的顾客或消费者所担负的保护其人身财产不受损害和他人非法侵害的义务。关于安全保障义务的性质，学理上有法定义务和约定义务两种不同的观点，在违反安全保障义务的责任性质上，，也有违约责任、侵权责任、缔约过失责任几种不同的观点。在我国现有的法律体系中，《合同法》、《消费者权益保护法》、《侵权责任法》都有关于经营者安全保障义务的规定。在顾客的安全利益遭到侵害时，往往发生侵权责任与违约责任的竞合问题以及过错的认定问题，尤其在发生第三人侵权的情况下，还涉及到责任的分配问题。只有正确的认识和把握这些理论问题，在司法实践中才能正确的适用法律。 本文通过对案例的分析，阐述了安全保障义务的性质、义务来源以及相关法律制度之间的关系，并就过错的认定、责任的分配问题进行了法理上的论述。本文正文共分为三个部分：第一部分是案情简介以及争论的焦点问题；第二部分是焦点问题分析；第三部分是研究结论。 本案的争议焦点是：一是被告是否违反经营者的安全保障义务；二是被告主观上是否有过错；三是被告是否应当承担违约损害赔偿责任；四是本案的责任分配问题。笔者对本案的焦点问题涉及到的理论问题进行了逐一的分析，并提出了自己的见解，做出了分析的结论。文章最后，笔者提出了本案的处理意见，以及如何完善我国经营者安全保障义务的几点建议。
[Abstract]:The duty of safety and security refers to the business operators engaged in accommodation, catering, entertainment and other business activities who engage in commercial activities in the public, The obligation of customers or consumers who enter their places of business to protect their personal property from damage and illegal infringement by others. On the nature of security obligations, there are two different views on the legal obligation and contractual obligation, and on the nature of breach of security obligation, there are several different views on breach of contract liability, tort liability and contractual negligence liability. In the present legal system of our country, the contract Law, the Law on Protection of Consumer Rights and interests and the Law of Tort liability all have provisions on the duty of safety and security of operators. When the customer's security interests are infringed, the problem of concurrence between tort liability and breach of contract liability and the problem of fault identification often occur, especially in the case of tort by the third party, it also involves the distribution of liability. Only by correctly understanding and grasping these theoretical problems, can the law be applied correctly in judicial practice. Through the analysis of the case, this paper expounds the nature of the security obligation, the source of the obligation and the relationship between the relevant legal system, and discusses the legal principle of the fault identification and the distribution of the responsibility. The text is divided into three parts: the first part is a brief case and the focus of the debate; the second part is the focus of the analysis; the third part is the conclusion of the study. The focus of the dispute in this case is: first, whether the defendant violates the security obligations of the operator; second, whether the defendant has any subjective fault; third, whether the defendant should bear the liability for damages for breach of contract; and fourth, the distribution of liability in this case. The author analyzes the theoretical problems involved in the focus of the case one by one, and puts forward his own opinions and conclusions. At the end of the article, the author puts forward some suggestions on how to improve the safety and security obligations of the operators in our country.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D923
本文编号：2404324
[Abstract]:The duty of safety and security refers to the business operators engaged in accommodation, catering, entertainment and other business activities who engage in commercial activities in the public, The obligation of customers or consumers who enter their places of business to protect their personal property from damage and illegal infringement by others. On the nature of security obligations, there are two different views on the legal obligation and contractual obligation, and on the nature of breach of security obligation, there are several different views on breach of contract liability, tort liability and contractual negligence liability. In the present legal system of our country, the contract Law, the Law on Protection of Consumer Rights and interests and the Law of Tort liability all have provisions on the duty of safety and security of operators. When the customer's security interests are infringed, the problem of concurrence between tort liability and breach of contract liability and the problem of fault identification often occur, especially in the case of tort by the third party, it also involves the distribution of liability. Only by correctly understanding and grasping these theoretical problems, can the law be applied correctly in judicial practice. Through the analysis of the case, this paper expounds the nature of the security obligation, the source of the obligation and the relationship between the relevant legal system, and discusses the legal principle of the fault identification and the distribution of the responsibility. The text is divided into three parts: the first part is a brief case and the focus of the debate; the second part is the focus of the analysis; the third part is the conclusion of the study. The focus of the dispute in this case is: first, whether the defendant violates the security obligations of the operator; second, whether the defendant has any subjective fault; third, whether the defendant should bear the liability for damages for breach of contract; and fourth, the distribution of liability in this case. The author analyzes the theoretical problems involved in the focus of the case one by one, and puts forward his own opinions and conclusions. At the end of the article, the author puts forward some suggestions on how to improve the safety and security obligations of the operators in our country.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D923
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本文编号：2404324
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