非存款类放贷人市场准入制度的比较法研究

发布时间：2018-03-20 17:58

  本文选题：非存款类放贷人　切入点：市场准入制度　出处：《南京大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：为了丰富信贷体系,规范放贷行为,保护金融消费者的权益,2015年8月,国务院法制办公室发布了《非存款类放贷组织条例(征求意见稿)》,首次对非存款类放贷人及其经营行为进行系统规范。然而,在笔者看来,尽管《非存款类放贷组织条例(征求意见稿)》的出台迈出了合法化、制度化非存款类放贷人的第一步,但该条例对于非存款类放贷人的市场准入门槛这一关键问题的规定显得过于苛刻,不利于引入民间资本,发展普惠金融,解决中、小企业及普通消费者贷款难的问题,也无法真正建立服务主体多元、服务覆盖面较广的金融体系。鉴于此,《非存款类放贷组织条例(征求意见稿)》所设立的非存款类放贷人的市场准入门槛需要进一步修改、完善。在本文中,笔者首先阐述了非存款类放贷人及市场准入的法律内涵,并以此为基础,界定了本文的研究对象——非存款类放贷人市场准入的法律定义。随后,在第三、第四、第五章,笔者分别介绍了目前我国及域外国家、地区的非存款类放贷人市场准入制度,并在分析我国相关制度构建缺陷的基础上,借鉴域外成功之处,对我国非存款类放贷人市场准入制度的完善提出建议。具体而言,在第三章,笔者从实质要求和形式要求两方面着手,对《非存款类放贷组织条例(征求意见稿)》中对非存款类放贷人市场准入门槛的规定进行归纳、总结。在第四章中,笔者选取新加坡、日本、香港、美国和南非和的非存款类放贷人市场准入制度作为研究对象,在对上述国家、地区的现行规定及其发展变迁进行分析、研究的同时,结合公开数据,评价相应市场准入制度对非存款类放贷行业,乃至整个金融市场的影响。此外,笔者还在制度介绍的基础上,总结了上述国家、地区非存款类放贷人市场准入制度的异同,并对该异同的原因进行分析,希望对域外法的解读能为我国的制度构建提供借鉴意义。第五章,笔者结合我国现有的类似制度规定及实践中的问题,指出我国现行规定在非存款类放贷人市场准入上的缺陷,并在立足于我国的基本国情的基础上,借鉴国外的有益经验,从实质要求和形式要求两个维度出发,提出扩大市场准入主体范围,降低资本金门槛、扩大资格审查的人员范围、完善许可有效期制度的制度完善建议,从而构建符合我国实际的非存款类放贷人市场准入制度,在保障非存款类放贷人的权益的同时确保本国金融业的稳定与发展。
[Abstract]:In order to enrich the credit system, regulate lending and protect the rights and interests of financial consumers, in August 2015, The legal Affairs Office of the State Council issued the regulations on Non-Deposit loan organizations (draft for comments), which for the first time systematically regulated non-deposit lenders and their business practices. However, in the author's opinion, Despite the introduction of the regulations on Non-Deposit loan organizations (draft for comments), the first step towards institutionalizing non-deposit lenders, But the rules on the key issue of market access for non-deposit lenders appear too harsh to introduce private capital, develop inclusive finance, and solve the problem of small businesses and ordinary consumers' loans. In view of this, the threshold for market access for non-deposit lenders established by the Non-Deposit loan Organization regulations (draft for comments) needs to be further revised. In this paper, the author first expounds the legal connotation of non-deposit lenders and market access, and on the basis of this, defines the legal definition of market access for non-deposit lenders. In chapter 4th and 5th, the author introduces the market access system of non-deposit lenders in China and other countries and regions respectively, and on the basis of analyzing the defects in the construction of relevant systems in China, the author draws lessons from the success of foreign countries. To improve the market access system of non-deposit lenders in China. Specifically, in the third chapter, the author starts from the substantive requirements and formal requirements. In Chapter 4th, the author selects Singapore, Japan, Hong Kong, and summarizes the regulations on the threshold of market access for non-deposit lenders in the regulations on Non-Deposit lending organizations (draft for comments). The market access system of non-deposit lenders in the United States and South Africa, as the research object, analyzes the existing regulations and their development changes in these countries and regions, and combines with public data. In addition, on the basis of the introduction of the system, the author summarizes the similarities and differences of the market access system of non-deposit lenders in the above countries and regions. The author also analyzes the reasons of the similarities and differences, and hopes that the interpretation of the extraterritorial law can provide reference for the construction of the system in China. Chapter 5th, the author combines the existing similar system provisions and problems in practice in our country. This paper points out the defects of the current regulations of our country in the market access of non-deposit lenders, and on the basis of the basic national conditions of our country, draws lessons from the beneficial experience of foreign countries, starting from the two dimensions of substantive requirements and formal requirements. The paper puts forward some suggestions on enlarging the scope of market access, lowering capital threshold, enlarging the personnel scope of qualification examination, and perfecting the system of validity of licenses, so as to construct a market access system for non-deposit lenders in line with the reality of our country. To protect the rights and interests of non-deposit lenders while ensuring the stability and development of the domestic financial industry.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D922.28
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本文编号：1640183