论反垄断法视角下的消费者权益保护

发布时间：2018-03-20 18:36

本文选题：反垄断法　切入点：消费者权益　出处：《安徽财经大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：消费是生产的动力与目的,市场经济不能没有消费者的参与。但是若想让消费者充分释放其消费潜力,从而扩大内需拉动经济的增长,就必须对消费者应当享有的权益予以足够的保护。然而,垄断行为的普遍存在,在一定程度上损害了消费者的权益,消费者又无法通过《消法》得到全面的救济。许多国家意识到建立多元化消费者权益保护路径的必要性,纷纷出台了有关反垄断的法律,用以规范企业的竞争行为、限制垄断行为,维护健康的市场竞争秩序,从而保障消费者的权益不受侵害。中国的反垄断法也蕴含了保护消费者权益的立法目的,尝试以灵活的方式给予消费者群体一种从外及内的保护。虽然实施的时间不足七年,但中国的反垄断法在打击垄断行为方面起了巨大的作用,保护了消费者的利益。与此同时,其不足之处也日益显露,需要加以改进和完善。放眼世界,保护消费者权益在各国的反垄断法中都有所体现,我国反垄断法也应以实现消费者福利最大化为目标。但反垄断法对消费者权益的保护,与《消法》是不同的,有其自身的特点和侧重点。反垄断法偏向于对消费者自主选择权、公平交易权、依法求偿权及监督权的保护。我国反垄断法在立法、实施以及私人诉讼制度三个层面对消费者权益的保护都存在着缺陷。在立法上,反垄断法的法律责任缺乏威慑力,不利于消费者权益的保护;同时,反垄断消费者群体诉讼制度空白化。在实施中,多头执法、职责混乱,而且执法机构缺乏独立性、IV权威性与专业性。而且,消费者的知情权和监督权也常常被漠视。在反垄断私人诉讼制度方面,间接消费者的诉权不明确,消费者举证责任分配不合理。在立足我国国情的基础上,借鉴国外一些优秀的法律制度,从而提出我国反垄断法在保护消费者权益方面的完善建议。在立法上,引入消费者群体诉讼制度、完善有利于保护消费者权益的法律责任制度;在执法上,设置有利于保护消费者权益的反垄断执法机构,保障消费者在反垄断实施中的监督权;在反垄断法私人诉讼制度上,明确间接消费者的反垄断诉权、完善诉讼管辖制度和构建有利于消费者权益保护的举证责任制度。
[Abstract]:Consumption is the motive force and purpose of production. The market economy cannot be without the participation of consumers. But if we want consumers to fully release their consumption potential, and thus expand domestic demand to stimulate economic growth, The rights and interests that consumers should enjoy must be adequately protected. However, the widespread existence of monopolies has to a certain extent damaged the rights and interests of consumers. Many countries, aware of the necessity of establishing diversified ways to protect consumers' rights and interests, have introduced anti-monopoly laws to regulate the competitive behavior of enterprises. Restrict monopoly behavior, safeguard healthy market competition order, thus protect consumers' rights and interests from being infringed. China's anti-monopoly law also contains the legislative purpose of protecting consumers' rights and interests. Try to give consumers a kind of protection from outside and inside in a flexible way. Although it has been in effect for less than seven years, China's anti-monopoly law has played a great role in combating monopoly behavior and has protected the interests of consumers. Its shortcomings are becoming more and more obvious, which need to be improved and perfected. In the world, the protection of consumers' rights and interests is reflected in the anti-monopoly laws of various countries. China's anti-monopoly law should also aim at maximizing consumer welfare. However, the protection of consumers' rights and interests by anti-monopoly law is different from that of "Consumer Law", and has its own characteristics and emphases. The protection of the right to fair trade, the right to claim according to law and the right of supervision. There are defects in the protection of consumers' rights and interests in China's anti-monopoly law at the three levels of legislation, implementation and private litigation system. The legal liability of the anti-monopoly law lacks deterrence, which is not conducive to the protection of the rights and interests of consumers; at the same time, the system of anti-monopoly consumer group litigation is blank. Moreover, the law enforcement agencies lack independence and are not authoritative and professional. Moreover, consumers' right to know and to supervise are often ignored. In the system of private antitrust litigation, the indirect consumers' right of action is not clear. The distribution of consumer burden of proof is unreasonable. Based on the national conditions of our country and drawing lessons from some excellent foreign legal systems, the author puts forward some suggestions on how to perfect the anti-monopoly law in protecting the rights and interests of consumers. Introducing the consumer group litigation system to perfect the legal liability system which is conducive to the protection of consumers' rights and interests, setting up anti-monopoly law enforcement agencies to protect the rights and interests of consumers, and ensuring the supervision power of consumers in the implementation of anti-monopoly; In the private litigation system of anti-monopoly law, it is necessary to clarify the antitrust right of indirect consumers, to perfect the system of litigation jurisdiction and to construct the system of burden of proof in favor of the protection of consumers' rights and interests.
【学位授予单位】：安徽财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D923.8

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