治理城市交通拥堵法律问题研究

发布时间：2018-05-15 11:05

本文选题：交通拥堵 + 法律制度　；参考：《北京交通大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：改革开放以来,我国城市建设飞速发展,人民群众的生活水平也日益提高,经济社会的发展使得人们期待能够在出行方面达到便捷舒适,但是许多城市在交通方面陷入了拥堵困境,道路越发拥堵,由此引发了环境进一步污染恶化,一系列的问题大大制约了城市的现代化发展,同时使得城市居民幸福感缺失。因此,治理城市交通拥堵,提高出行质量和效率已经成为摆在政府面前的迫切问题。使治理交通拥堵的各项措施制度化、法制化,是保障公民权利,提高城市交通运行效率的根本途径。本文从介绍治理城市交通拥堵的理论出发,以北京市为例,分析我国城市交通拥堵现象,梳理现行交通法律制度中存在的主要问题、制度缺陷,以路权理论、公共治理、城市交通可持续发展理论等为指导,借鉴国外优秀的立法理念和实践经验,提出对我国在该问题上的制度建议,如将治理城市交通拥堵作为制定交通法律法规的重要内容、完善城市规划与交通规划的相互协调机制、实施交通需求管理、大力发展公共交通系统、发展智能交通体系、规范公车使用等等。另外,本文提出征收城市交通拥堵费的立法建议,对交通拥堵费征收的主体、征收的对象、征收的区域、征收的时段、收费标准、收费技术、拥堵费的使用、拥堵费的监测和追踪等做了分析。还进一步提出完善停车相关法律制度,完善交通参与人法律责任制度等等。希望能够为我国治理城市交通拥堵提出些许具有参考价值的建议。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, the rapid development of urban construction in China, the people's living standards are also increasingly improved, economic and social development makes people expect to be able to travel convenient and comfortable. However, many cities get into traffic jam and road congestion, which leads to the deterioration of environmental pollution. A series of problems greatly restrict the development of the city modernization, and make the urban residents lack of happiness. Therefore, to control urban traffic congestion and improve travel quality and efficiency has become an urgent problem in front of the government. To institutionalize and legalize the measures to control traffic congestion is the fundamental way to protect citizens' rights and improve the efficiency of urban traffic operation. Based on the introduction of the theory of controlling urban traffic congestion, taking Beijing as an example, this paper analyzes the phenomenon of urban traffic congestion in China, combs the main problems and institutional defects in the current traffic legal system, and takes the theory of road rights and public governance as an example. Under the guidance of the theory of sustainable development of urban traffic, and referring to the excellent legislative ideas and practical experience of foreign countries, the paper puts forward some suggestions on the system of this problem in China, such as controlling urban traffic congestion as an important content in formulating traffic laws and regulations. Improve the coordination mechanism between urban planning and traffic planning, implement traffic demand management, vigorously develop public transport system, develop intelligent transportation system, standardize the use of buses and so on. In addition, this paper puts forward the legislative proposals for the collection of urban traffic congestion charges, the main body of traffic congestion charges, the object of collection, the area of collection, the time period of collection, the charging standard, the charging technology and the use of congestion charges. The monitoring and tracking of congestion charges are analyzed. It also proposes to improve the parking related legal system, improve the traffic participants legal liability system and so on. It is hoped that some valuable suggestions can be put forward for controlling urban traffic congestion in China.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D922.296

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