海上保险施救义务相关法律问题研究

发布时间：2018-06-16 09:06

本文选题：海上保险 + 施救义务　；参考：《大连海事大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：施救义务是海上保险中专门的规定,大多数海上保险法律规范和几乎所有的海上保险合同都有关于施救义务的规定。被保险人的施救义务具有特殊性:即使合同没有约定,被保险人也应该履行施救义务,保险人对施救义务的补偿单独占用一个保险金额以及施救义务的独立性等。对施救条款的重视和正确理解能够减少不必要的纠纷,也能更好地促进航运业和国际贸易的发展,因此有必要对施救义务涉及的相关问题进行研究。本文第一部分是对施救义务的整体概括。该部分主要阐释了施救义务的概念、施救义务的性质、施救义务存在的必要性以及其在海上保险中的特殊性等。本文第二部分研究了施救义务的履行。该部分结合英国和其他国家的法律和实务中的规定,分析施救义务履行的前提条件、施救义务履行的主体和施救义务履行的模式,并对不同的履行主体和履行模式进行评析。本文第三部分探讨了被保险人违反施救义务的法律后果。该部分论述了被保险人不履行施救义务应承担的责任性质、归则原则以及违反施救义务的后果。本文第四部分是对施救费用的研究。被保险人履行施救义务,保险人应承担补偿义务,主要阐述了施救费用的概念与构成标准、施救费用的性质和赔偿数额以及施救费用与单独海损、共同海损和救助报酬之间的关系。本部分对保险人对施救费用的补偿义务的性质提出自己的见解。本文的第五部分提出了对我国《海商法》相关规定的修改与完善。我国《海商法》对施救义务的规定并不详尽,本文通过探讨被保险人的施救义务、保险人对施救费用的补偿义务和其他国家或地区的规定,结合实务中具体的施救条款,提出了对我国《海商法》的修改建议,以期能够减少纠纷的发生。
[Abstract]:The obligation to rescue is a special provision in marine insurance. Most of the legal norms of marine insurance and almost all marine insurance contracts have provisions on the obligation to rescue. The insurant's obligation of rescue has its particularity: even if the contract is not agreed, the insured should also perform the obligation of rescue, the insurer's compensation for the obligation of rescue takes up a single amount of insurance and the independence of the obligation of rescue, and so on. The importance and correct understanding of the salvage clause can reduce unnecessary disputes and promote the development of shipping industry and international trade. Therefore, it is necessary to study the relevant issues involved in the salvage obligation. The first part of this article is the whole summary of the duty of rescue. This part mainly explains the concept of the obligation of rescue, the nature of the obligation of rescue, the necessity of the existence of the obligation of rescue and its particularity in marine insurance. The second part of this paper studies the fulfillment of the duty of rescue. Combined with the law and practice of Britain and other countries, this part analyzes the precondition of performing rescue obligation, the subject of rescue obligation and the mode of performing rescue obligation, and evaluates the different performance subjects and modes. The third part of this paper discusses the legal consequences of the insured breach of the obligation to rescue. This part discusses the nature of responsibility, the principle of attribution and the consequences of breach of the obligation of rescue. The fourth part of this paper is the research of the rescue cost. The insured shall bear the obligation of compensation if the insured performs the obligation of rescue. The concept and standard of the cost of rescue, the nature of the cost of rescue and the amount of compensation, as well as the cost of rescue and the special average, are expounded. The relationship between general average and salvage reward. This part puts forward my own opinion on the nature of the insurer's obligation to compensate for the cost of rescue. The fifth part of this paper puts forward the modification and perfection of the relevant regulations of Maritime Law of our country. The article discusses the insurant's obligation to rescue, the insurer's obligation to compensate for the cost of rescue and the stipulation of other countries or regions, and combines with the concrete rescue clause in practice. In order to reduce the occurrence of disputes, this paper puts forward some suggestions on the amendment of Maritime Law of our country.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D922.294

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