金砖国家银行业外资准入实体条件比较研究

发布时间：2018-12-15 12:35

【摘要】：金砖国家基本上都建立了以银行为中心,其他金融机构类别多元发展的金融机构体系。近年来,金砖国家银行业整体实力明显上升,服务能力逐步增强,资产质量显著提高,国际影响力也在逐渐提升。在金融全球化的影响下,银行业市场准入法律制度的建立,对于促进本国银行业的发展以及防范金融风险起着举足轻重的作用。关于银行业外资准入方面的研究逐渐增多,但是目前还没有学者对金砖国家银行业外资准入的实体条件进行对比研究。本文将运用比较分析的方法对金砖国家银行业外资准入的实体条件进行比较研究,填补了金砖国家银行业外资准入实体条件法律问题研究的空白。本文将通过对金砖各国在WTO金融服务法律规则、各国加入的区域贸易体制与各国国内有关银行业市场准入法律制度的比较分析,剖析金砖各国在银行业市场准入法律制度方面所存在的问题,分别就协调国际法和国内法提出了的方案,为促进金砖各国银行业服务贸易进一步发展奠定基础。本文除引言和结语外,由四个部分构成:第一部分“金砖各国对银行业外资准入法律规制”,主要阐述中国、印度、俄罗斯、巴西、南非五国有关银行业外资准入实体条件方面法律的规则,指出了金砖国家对银行业外资准入实体条件法律调控的差异,提出了对银行业外资准入实体条件规定较为薄弱的国家应当借鉴对银行业外资准入实体条件规定较为全面的国家。第二部分“金砖国家对银行业外资准入实体条件的国际法比较”,主要从WTO体制下的承诺和区域贸易体制下的承诺两个方面分析金砖国家对银行业外资准入实体条件的区别与问题,并提出金砖国家间银行业外资准入实体条件的国际法协调的方法,协调的意见主要是签署一部金砖国家银行业服务贸易协定,在金砖国家内建立统一的市场准入制度。第三部分“金砖国家银行业外资准入实体条件的国内法比较”,分别从注册资金、主体资格、外资比例、经营范围四个方面对金砖国家对银行业外资准入实体条件的国内法的规定进行比较,指出金砖国家国内法在银行业外资准入实体条件方面存在的问题。问题主要表现在国家安全标准存在差异,个别国家对银行业外资准入实体条件的规定不全面,多数国家在主体资格、注册资金、外资比例和业务范围上的限制过于严格。本文提出金砖国家间银行业外资准入实体条件的国内法协调的方法,协调的方法包括明确国家安全标准,借鉴其他国家相关的规定,完善立法。第四部分“金砖国家银行业外资准入实体条件法律协调的建议方案”,主要根据金砖国家各国的优劣势,提出金砖国家间银行业外资准入实体条件法律协调的建议方案。建议方案从主体资格、注册资金、外资比例和业务范围这四个方面。
[Abstract]:BRICS countries have basically established a banking-centric financial institution system with diversified types of other financial institutions. In recent years, the BRICS banking sector as a whole has grown significantly in strength, service capacity, asset quality and international influence. Under the influence of financial globalization, the establishment of legal system of banking market access plays an important role in promoting the development of domestic banking and preventing financial risks. There are more and more researches on the foreign investment access of the banking industry, but no scholars have made a comparative study on the substantive conditions of the foreign investment access in the BRICS banking sector. This paper uses the method of comparative analysis to make a comparative study on the substantive conditions of the foreign investment access of the BRICS banks, which fills the gap in the legal research on the substantive conditions of the foreign investment access of the BRICS banks. This paper will compare the rules of BRICS countries' financial services in WTO, the regional trading system of BRICS countries and the domestic market access legal system of BRICS countries. This paper analyzes the problems existing in the legal system of banking market access in BRICS countries, and puts forward some proposals on harmonizing international and domestic laws, which will lay a foundation for the further development of BRICS banking trade in services. In addition to the introduction and conclusion, this paper is composed of four parts: the first part, "the BRICS countries' legal regulation of foreign investment access to the banking sector", mainly expounds China, India, Russia, Brazil, The rules of the five South African countries on the legal conditions for the entry of foreign investment in the banking sector point out the differences between the BRICS countries in the legal regulation and control of the conditions for the entry of foreign investment in the banking sector. It is pointed out that countries with weak requirements for foreign capital entry should draw lessons from countries with more comprehensive requirements for foreign capital entry. Part two, "comparison of BRICS countries' International Law on the conditions of Foreign Investment admission entities", This paper mainly analyzes the differences and problems between the BRICS countries' conditions of entry to foreign investment in the banking sector from the two aspects of the commitments under the WTO system and the commitments under the regional trading system. This paper also puts forward a method of international law coordination of the conditions of foreign investment access for BRICS banks. The coordinated opinion is mainly to sign a BRICS agreement on banking services trade and to establish a unified market access system within BRICS countries. The third part, "comparison of domestic laws on the conditions of entry of foreign investment in BRICS banking sector", respectively, from the aspects of registered funds, subject qualifications, and the proportion of foreign capital. This paper compares the provisions of BRICS countries' domestic laws on the conditions of foreign capital entry in the banking industry in four aspects, and points out the problems existing in the domestic laws of the BRICS countries in terms of the conditions of entry of foreign investment in the banking sector. The main problems are that there are differences in national security standards, individual countries do not have comprehensive regulations on the substantive conditions of entry for foreign investment in the banking industry, and most countries have too strict restrictions on subject qualification, registered funds, proportion of foreign capital and scope of business. This paper puts forward a method to harmonize the domestic laws of the BRICS banks' foreign capital entry entity conditions. The methods of coordination include clarifying the national security standards, drawing lessons from the relevant provisions of other countries, and perfecting the legislation. The fourth part of the "the BRICS banking foreign investment entry entity conditions of the legal coordination proposal", mainly according to the advantages and disadvantages of the BRICS countries, put forward the BRICS countries among the banking foreign investment entry entity conditions of the legal coordination of the proposed proposal. Suggestions from the main qualifications, registered funds, foreign capital ratio and business scope of these four aspects.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D912.28

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