intensive industries comparative advantage competitive advan

  本文关键词：中国劳动密集型产业竞争力提升出路何在——新《劳动合同法》实施后的调研，由笔耕文化传播整理发布。

中国劳动密集型产业竞争力提升出路何在——新《劳动合同法》实施后的调研

Road to Enhance the Competitiveness of China＇s Labor-intensive Industries A Survey After the Implementation of ＂China＇s New Labor Contract Law＂

[1] [2] [3]

LI Gang, SHEN Ke-ting, GUO Chao-xian （1. Institute of Industrial Economics CASS, Beijing 100836, China; 2. Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China）

[1]中国社会科学院工业经济研究所,北京100086; [2]浙江工商大学经济学院,浙江杭州310018

文章摘要：本文在企业调研的基础上对新《劳动合同法》实施后劳动密集型产业竞争力的提升问题进行了研究。调研中我们发现新《劳动合同法》并没有增加守法企业的用工成本；工资上涨不是《劳动合同法》实施的结果；《劳动合同法》有助于维护正常的用工秩序；《劳动合同法》实施也没有减少劳动力市场需求。在调研的基础上，我们认为劳动密集型企业升级的路径应是主动将价格优势升级为品牌与渠道优势；注重研发，提升产品档次；注重人才培养．把以人为本的理念落到实处。在经济快速增长的时期，多数企业在快速增长中较少关注创新、品牌与人才；而当经济形势不好时，多数企业就会快速从繁荣到破产。但少数企业家在企业快速增长时期就比较注重自身竞争力的提升，，在繁荣时不断提升企业能力。因而在危机时不仅可以渡过难关。甚至可以在危机中发现机遇，在危机中相对提升自身竞争力．在危机过后迎接新一轮增长期。以下两个因素已成为制约劳动密集型产业竞争力提升的障碍：一是中国软实力的不足；二是高水平产业技术工人的匮乏。中国的劳动密集型产业需要发展，更需要升级。可以说，中国的产业将与劳动力素质一起升级；甚至可以说没有劳动力素质的升级．中国的产业升级将仅是“镜中花，水中月”。在可以预计的时期内．中国劳动密集型产业的升级更多将是生产过程的工艺升级及产品升级，这一过程中技术工人的作用是不可替代的。因而对产业技术工人的培养。把中国技术素质较低的产业工人升级为高级技工并不断把新增劳动力培养为高级技工．将是中国产业升级的必修课。

Abstr：Based on enterprises survey, this paper studied the road to enhance enterprises competitiveness after the implementation of ＂China＇s New Labor Contract Law＂. During the survey, we found the following conelusions：（1）The new ＂Labor Contract Law＂ did not increase the cost of law-abiding enterprises; （2）Wage increase is not the result of implementation of the ＂Labor Contract Law＂; （3） ＂Labor Contract Law＂ helps to maintain an orderly employment; （4） ＂Labor contract Law＂ will not reduce labor demand. Based on the survey, we believe that the upgrade road of labor-lntensive enterprises should be the following：Shift price advantage to brand and channel advantage; upgrading products through research and development; be people-oriented rather than rhetoric.During rapid economic growth, most companies will not pay attention to innovation, brand or talent; therefore, those enterprises went bust when economic tarns down. However, a small number of entrepreneurs recognized the importance of enhancing their own competitiveness. In this way, they can not only ride out the storm in times of crisis, but also find some opportunities. The following two factors hider the upgrading of competitiveness of laborintensive industries First, the inadequacy of China＇s soft power; Second, shortage of skilled industrial workers. China＇s labor-intensive industries need upgrading more than development. It can be said that China＇s industry will be upgraded together with labor＇s quality, to put it straight, the former depends on the latter. In an expectable period, escalation of China＇s labor-intensive industry will be the upgrading of production process and product, during which, skilled workers are nonseparable. Thus the training of skilled workers i

文章关键词：

Keyword：:labor-intensive industries comparative advantage competitive advantage

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  本文关键词：中国劳动密集型产业竞争力提升出路何在——新《劳动合同法》实施后的调研，由笔耕文化传播整理发布。