论性骚扰的法律规制

发布时间：2018-02-28 07:49

本文关键词： 性骚扰侵权行为性自主权举证责任　出处：《山东大学》2008年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： “性骚扰”概念最早出现在20世纪70年代的美国,是由美国女权主义法学家凯瑟琳.麦金农首先提出的。她认为性骚扰是女性处于不平等条件下被强加的讨厌的性要求,性骚扰就是性别歧视的一种。随着我国社会的飞速发展,性骚扰在我国的存在已经成为一个不争的事实,并且已成为一个越来越引人关注的问题。我国虽已发生多起与性骚扰有关的诉讼,但是在实际生活中,性骚扰案件中的受害者求助于法律保护的微乎其微,这是为什么呢? 鉴于我国性骚扰所造成的危害日益严重,在我国法律规制还处于初期阶段,实践经验还不是很丰富,我国应借鉴国外规制性骚扰的法律制度和实践经验,进而提出相对符合我国国情的性骚扰的法律规制构想。本文共分为五章来对性骚扰问题进行粗浅的分析。第一章从性骚扰的概念进行分析。因为定义不明抑或模糊,都会加大对性骚扰定性和司法方面的困难,从而极大的影响着法律规制措施的有效性。对于性骚扰的定义,目前存在诸多争议,国外一般将其性质归为性别歧视的一种,而我国大部分学者将其定性为侵权行为。到底哪种观点更适合我国的情况,本文将进行详细的剖析。在第二章中笔者分析了性骚扰的性质及构成要件,这是对性骚扰行为正确认识的基础。在第三章中笔者介绍了性骚扰的现状和危害。后两章笔者从目前的规制现状着手,并通过与其他国家相对比,分析我国性骚扰法律规制目前存在的一系列问题,解析问题存在的原因,进而对我国性骚扰的法律规制进行构想。第一节是立法模式的选择,对性骚扰专门立法还是在现有基础上进行详尽的司法解释?其次要明确举证责任的问题,我国首例性骚扰案件的败诉在这一问题上给法学研究者一记响亮的醒钟,为什么性骚扰的受害者不愿借助法律武器来保护自己,举证困难首当其冲。最后是确立雇主责任。性骚扰的存在是社会历史发展的必然结果。如何对其进行有效的规制,减轻其对社会造成的危害,使国家真正体现一种和谐的面貌,是我们每个法律学习者和研究者的责任,这也是本篇论文写作的目的所在。
[Abstract]:The concept of "sexual harassment" first appeared in the United States in 1970s. It was first put forward by American feminist jurist Catherine McKinnon, who believed that sexual harassment was an obnoxious sexual requirement imposed on women under unequal conditions. Sexual harassment is a kind of sexism. With the rapid development of our society, the existence of sexual harassment in our country has become an indisputable fact. And it has become a matter of growing concern. Although there have been many cases of sexual harassment in our country, but in real life, victims of sexual harassment cases have very little recourse to legal protection, why? In view of the increasingly serious harm caused by sexual harassment in our country, the legal regulation in our country is still in the initial stage, and the practical experience is not very rich, so our country should draw lessons from the legal system and practical experience of foreign countries to regulate sexual harassment. Then it puts forward the conception of legal regulation of sexual harassment in accordance with the situation of our country. This article is divided into five chapters to analyze the problem of sexual harassment. The first chapter analyzes the concept of sexual harassment. Because the definition of sexual harassment is unclear or vague, it will increase the qualitative and judicial difficulties of sexual harassment, thus greatly affecting the effectiveness of legal regulatory measures. At present, there are many controversies, foreign countries generally classify its nature as one kind of sex discrimination, but most scholars in our country regard it as tort. What kind of view is more suitable for our country? In the second chapter, the author analyzes the nature and constitutive requirements of sexual harassment, which is the basis of correct understanding of sexual harassment. In the third chapter, the author introduces the current situation and harm of sexual harassment. In the last two chapters, the author analyzes a series of problems existing in the legal regulation of sexual harassment in China, and analyzes the reasons for the problems by comparing with other countries. The first section is the choice of the legislative model, the specific legislation on sexual harassment or on the basis of the existing detailed judicial interpretation? Secondly, the problem of the burden of proof should be made clear. The defeat of the first sexual harassment case in our country has given a resounding wake-up call to legal researchers on this issue. Why are the victims of sexual harassment unwilling to resort to legal weapons to protect themselves? The burden of proof is the first. Finally, the employer's responsibility is established. The existence of sexual harassment is the inevitable result of the development of social history. It is the responsibility of each of our legal learners and researchers to regulate it effectively, to reduce its harm to the society and to make the country truly embody a harmonious face. This is also the purpose of this paper.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：D923.8

【引证文献】