论事实劳动关系的法律保护

发布时间：2018-05-06 21:45

本文选题：事实劳动关系 + 劳动合同　；参考：《复旦大学》2009年硕士论文

【摘要】： 我国《劳动法》规定,用人单位与劳动者建立劳动关系,必须签订劳动合同,但在现实生活中,用人单位没有与劳动者签订劳动合同,但双方已经实际履行了劳动法规定的权利义务,形成了事实劳动关系的现象相当普遍。随着经济社会的发展,事实劳动关系的外延还在扩大,而我国理论界对于事实劳动关系的概念和效力等问题观点不一。因此,有必要加强对事实劳动关系的研究,解决事实劳动关系的界定与保护问题,以保障劳动者合法利益,维持社会稳定。本文从事实劳动关系的内涵和外延入手,理清事实劳动关系的概念,明确事实劳动关系的构成要件和适用范围,揭示事实劳动关系与相关法律关系的区别,全面完成对事实劳动关系的界定。运用理论分析的方法对事实劳动关系的相关理论及对其进行法律保护的问题加以研究论证。运用比较研究的方法对不同国家和地区有关事实劳动关系的立法情况进行描述,尤其对我国《劳动合同法》实施前后有关事实劳动关系的规定进行梳理,给予客观的评价,并揭示其中的问题。最后沿着“全面保护论”的思路,根据我国事实劳动关系的具体情况,从劳动立法的角度,提出对事实劳动关系予以法律保护的建议。本文共分四章。第一章事实劳动关系的界定。本章介绍了事实劳动关系的由来,在总结理论界、实务界对事实劳动关系不同定义的基础上,就事实劳动关系的概念给出自己的观点,即事实劳动关系指无书面劳动合同或者因履行无效劳动合同而存在的一种劳动关系。通过剖析事实劳动关系的内涵和外延以及比较事实劳动关系与相关社会关系的区别,进一步明确对事实劳动关系的界定。第二章事实劳动关系的相关理论。本章首先介绍了最早提出“事实契约”的德国事实契约关系理论,揭示其理论意义在于保护法律关系中弱势群体的利益。之后归纳出我国关于事实劳动关系的三种不同理论观点即“无效论”、“模式转化论”和“全面保护论”,指出“无效论”、“模式转化论”存在的缺陷,从法理、劳动法及劳动合同三个角度分析了“全面保护论”的合理性。第三章事实劳动关系的立法比较。本章分别从对劳动合同的形式要求、对无效劳动合同的态度和对事实劳动关系的处理三个方面,介绍了不同国家、地区的事实劳动关系立法情况。揭示和归纳了当今世界对于事实劳动关系予以法律保护的主流态度和基本调整模式。在对我国事实劳动关系立法现状的梳理中,着重分析了《劳动合同法》针对事实劳动关系的调整方法和特点,总结了我国事实劳动关系的立法现状及存在的问题。第四章事实劳动关系法律保护的建议。本章从劳动立法角度就如何完善我国事实劳动关系的法律保护提出了构想。首先,明确事实劳动关系的法律地位,将其直接纳入劳动法调整范围。同时,调整与事实劳动关系相关的规则,预防、减少事实劳动关系的发生。另外,构建事实劳动关系的规则,对已发生的事实劳动关系进行全面调整。从而使事实劳动关系得到平等、有效的保护。
[Abstract]:In China, the labor law stipulates that the employer and the laborer should establish labor relations, and the labor contract must be signed, but in real life, the employers have not signed labor contracts with the workers, but the two sides have actually fulfilled the rights and obligations stipulated in the labor law, and the phenomenon of the fact is quite common. With the development of the economic and social development. The extension of the factual labor relations is still expanding, and the theoretical circles of our country have different views on the concept and effectiveness of the factual labor relations. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the research on the factual labor relations, to solve the problem of the definition and protection of the factual labor relations, in order to ensure the legitimate interests of the workers and maintain social stability. The connotation and extension of the relationship, clear the concept of the factual labor relations, clear the elements and scope of the factual labor relations, reveal the difference between the factual labor relations and the relevant legal relations, and complete the definition of the factual labor relations in an all-round way. The problem of law protection is studied and demonstrated. The legislative situation of the factual labor relations in different countries and regions is described by the method of comparative study, especially to the relevant provisions of the labor contract law before and after the implementation of the labor contract law in China, to give an objective evaluation, and to reveal the problems. According to the actual situation of our country's actual labor relations, from the perspective of labor legislation, we put forward proposals for legal protection of factual labor relations.
This article is divided into four chapters.
The first chapter is the definition of the factual labor relations. This chapter introduces the origin of the factual labor relations. In the summary of the theoretical circle, on the basis of the different definitions of factual labor relations, the practice circles give their own views on the concept of factual labor relations, that is, the fact labor relation refers to the existence of no written labor contract or the existence of an invalid labor contract. Through the analysis of the connotation and extension of the factual labor relations and the difference between the factual labor relations and the related social relations, the definition of the factual labor relations is further clarified.
The second chapter is about the theory of factual labor relations. In this chapter, the first German fact contract theory is introduced. The theoretical significance lies in the protection of the interests of the disadvantaged groups in the legal relationship. After that, the three different theoretical views on factual labor relations are summed up, "the theory of invalidity", "model". "The theory of transformation" and "the theory of comprehensive protection", point out the defects of "theory of inefficiency" and "the theory of pattern transformation", and analyze the rationality of the "comprehensive protection theory" from three angles of jurisprudence, labor law and labor contract.
The third chapter is the legislative comparison of the factual labor relations. This chapter introduces the legislative situation of the factual labor relations in different countries and regions from three aspects of the form requirements of the labor contract, the attitude to the invalid labor contract and the handling of the factual labor relations, and reveals and summarizes the legal protection of the factual labor relations in the present world. The mainstream attitude and the basic adjustment mode. In the combing of the current situation of the legislation of the factual labor relations in China, the paper emphatically analyzes the adjustment methods and characteristics of the labor contract law for the factual labor relations, and summarizes the current legislation and existing problems of the factual labor relations in China.
The fourth chapter is the suggestion of the legal protection of the factual labor relations. This chapter puts forward the idea of how to improve the legal protection of our country's factual labor relations from the angle of labor legislation. First, make clear the legal status of the factual labor relations, and bring it directly into the adjustment range of labor law. At the same time, it will adjust the rules related to the factual labor relations, prevent and reduce the matter. In addition, the rules of building factual labor relations are set up to make a comprehensive adjustment to the actual labor relations that have happened so that the factual labor relations are equal and effectively protected.

【学位授予单位】：复旦大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：D922.5

【参考文献】