NCAA发展与治理研究

发布时间：2018-05-25 03:43

本文选题：大学竞技体育 + 发展　；参考：《北京体育大学》2010年博士论文

【摘要】：本研究运用文献分析、问卷调查、数理统计、访谈法、以及实地考察对美国大学竞技体育的发展和治理进行系统研究,确定NCAA非营利组织的性质,利用非营利组织治理相关理论对NCAA治理、美国民众的认识以及改革议题进行深入研究,以更客观、全面解治理得失,借鉴发展经验。研究结论如下： 1.对美国大学竞技体育发展进行系统梳理。确定NCAA在美国大学竞技体育中所处的历史阶段：NCAA在美国大学竞技体育有序发展阶段出现；美国大学竞技体育发展特点：NCAA成立前美国大学竞技体育初步确立业余性发展理念以及主要参与者、受同时期美国竞技体育的影响自觉的选择商业化运作、NCAA成立后商业化得到持续的发展；NCAA成立后组织机构、规章制度逐渐完善。 2.NCAA的组织性质。首先,NCAA具有非营利性组织具有的特征：坚持非营利性；公益性；非政府性；自治性；其次,NCAA在美国劳动法、税法和反垄断法中都享受非营利组织同样的法律地位；再次,NCAA部分组别表现出“卡特尔”组织的性质；此外,还探究NCAA的积极影响以及NCAA和其他组织的关系。 3.NCAA治理机制。研究NCAA的理事会制度、资源运行机制、监督机制、激励与约束机制、信息披露机制运行机理,根据非营利组织善治理论指出其运行机制缺陷。 4.美国民众对NCAA的认识 5.改革议题研究。通过对改革历程、改革涉及到的领域、主要推动力量、涉及到的主要议题、主要目的、以及当前面临的改革压力等方面的研究,总结出美国大学竞技体育治理经验：完善监督机制、约束机制；坚持教育功能为核心宗旨；保持大学竞技体育的业余性；严格控制内部人获利问题；坚持教育独立；健全信息披露机制；明确非营利组织法律地位；严格管理违规和非道德事件。 6..我国大学竞技体育亟待解决的问题：价值定位不当；赛事名称不统一；运行资本来源方式单一,商业化运作水平低；教育难保独立,受政府和竞技体育影响巨大。对策：确定大学竞技体育教育功能定位；构建有效的管理体制,厘清和政府、教育、竞技体育管理部门的关系；统一赛事名称；严肃业余性；鼓励学校加大财政投入；培育我国的大学的支持组织；多渠道募集社会资本,进行积极的商业化运作；促使大学校管理者和老师参与。
[Abstract]:This study uses literature analysis, questionnaire survey, mathematical statistics, interviews, and field visits to systematically study the development and governance of competitive sports in American universities, and determines the nature of NCAA non-profit organizations. This paper makes a deep study of NCAA governance, American people's understanding and reform issues with the relevant theories of non-profit organization governance, in order to understand the gains and losses of governance in a more objective and comprehensive way, and to learn from the development experience. The conclusions of the study are as follows: 1. This paper systematically combs the development of competitive sports in American universities. It is determined that the historical stage of NCAA in the competitive sports of American universities is the emergence of the stage of orderly development of competitive sports in American universities. The characteristics of the development of competitive sports in American universities before the establishment of the 10% NCAA, the concept of amateur development and the main participants in the development of competitive sports in American universities were preliminarily established. Under the influence of American competitive Sports in the same period, the commercial operation of NCAA has been developed continuously after the establishment of NCAA, and the rules and regulations of NCAA have been gradually improved after the establishment of NCAA. The organizational properties of 2.NCAA. First of all, NCAA has the characteristics of non-profit organizations: insisting on non-profit; public welfare; non-governmental; autonomy; secondly, NCAA enjoys the same legal status in American labor law, tax law and anti-monopoly law; Again, some groups of NCAA show the nature of "cartel" organizations; in addition, it explores the positive impact of NCAA and the relationship between NCAA and other organizations. 3.NCAA governance mechanism. This paper studies the governing system, the mechanism of resource operation, the mechanism of supervision, the mechanism of incentive and restriction, the mechanism of information disclosure, and points out the defects of the mechanism according to the theory of good governance of non-profit organization. 4. American people's understanding of NCAA 5. Research on reform issues Through the research on the course of the reform, the areas involved in the reform, the main driving force, the main issues involved, the main purpose, and the pressure of the reform, etc., Summing up the experience of governing competitive sports in American universities: perfecting the supervision mechanism, restricting mechanism, insisting on the function of education as the core purpose, keeping the amateur nature of university competitive sports, strictly controlling the profit of the insiders, insisting on the independence of education; Perfect the mechanism of information disclosure; clarify the legal status of non-profit organizations; strictly manage violations and non-moral events. 6.. The problems that need to be solved urgently are: improper positioning of value, disunity of the title of the competition, single source of operating capital, low level of commercial operation, difficulty in ensuring independence of education, and great influence by the government and competitive sports. Countermeasures: to determine the functional orientation of university competitive sports education; to establish an effective management system to clarify the relationship with the government, education and sports management departments; to unify the title of sports events; to be serious; to encourage schools to increase financial input; To foster the support organizations of universities in our country; to raise social capital through multiple channels to carry out active commercial operation; to promote the participation of university administrators and teachers.
【学位授予单位】：北京体育大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：G807.4

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