广东省经济增长过程中劳动收入占比变动研究

发布时间：2018-06-06 12:56

本文选题：广东省 + 经济增长　；参考：《华南理工大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文从要素分配的角度分析了广东省经济增长过程中，劳动者报酬占GDP的比例变动的情况。首先，简要分析了从1978年以来，广东省经济增长概况，发现，GDP高速增长，其增速要快于人均收入以及人均GDP的增速，产业结构也在发生变化。其次，将广东省劳动收入占比与我国整体情况以及国外部分发达国家的劳动收入占比的情况进行了比较。发现国外发达国家的劳动收入占比总体变动趋势都比较稳定，波动不大，而且发达国家的劳动收入占比相对于我国来说比较高，我国的劳动收入占比与广东省的劳动收入占比变动情况比较相似，总体趋势是下降的。接着，分析了劳动收入占比下降的影响，主要是降低了居民可支配收入和最终消费对GDP的贡献率。然后，本文分别从产业机构、资本有机构成、劳动法以及目前的劳动力市场情况对劳动收入占比变动进行了分析。结果发现，，产业结构的变动会减少劳动收入占比，但是其作用主要是产业内效应，也就是每个产业内劳动收入占比的变化，而产业间效应的作用比较小。资本有机构成的提高也会减少劳动收入占比，这个大概有一半的解释力度说明劳动收入占比下降。这与中国以及广东省的经济发展模式联系非常紧密，就是高投资，净出口，造就了经济的高速增长。目前中国的相关劳动法，无论是涉及的范围还是执行力度都有待提高，在保护劳动者利益力度有待加强。这一方面也会影响劳动者与资本所有者的谈判能力。最后，中国是典型的二元经济，城镇化水平还不高，农村还有大量的剩余劳动力，工业化还不能完全吸收这些劳动力，这就造成了劳动力市场严重的供过于求，这会直接影响劳动者的工资，从而影响劳动收入占比，另外，高等教育的扩招导致了大学毕业生的“毕业就等于失业”这种尴尬情况，造成了劳动力市场的结构失衡，不利于劳动收入占比的提高。根据本文分析，提出相关的政策建议，政府在制定相关政策和法律方面要着重考虑劳动者的利益。转变经济发展方式，要提高最终消费占国民经济的比重，就要提高劳动收入占比，才能使经济良好持续发展。
[Abstract]:This paper analyzes the change of the proportion of labor compensation to GDP in the process of economic growth in Guangdong Province from the angle of factor distribution. Firstly, this paper briefly analyzes the economic growth of Guangdong Province since 1978, and finds that the growth rate of GDP is faster than that of per capita income and per capita GDP, and the industrial structure is also changing. Secondly, the proportion of labor income in Guangdong Province is compared with that of our country as a whole and that of some developed countries. It is found that the overall changing trend of the proportion of labor income in developed countries is relatively stable, with little fluctuation, and the proportion of labor income in developed countries is relatively high compared with that of our country. The proportion of labor income in China is similar to that in Guangdong Province, and the general trend is decreasing. Then, the paper analyzes the impact of the decline of labor income, mainly reducing the contribution of disposable income and final consumption to GDP. Then, this paper analyzes the change of labor income ratio from industrial organization, capital organic composition, labor law and current labor market situation. The result shows that the change of industrial structure will reduce the proportion of labor income, but its function is mainly intra-industry effect, that is, the change of labor income ratio in each industry, but the effect of inter-industry effect is relatively small. An increase in the organic composition of capital would also reduce the share of labour income, which is explained by roughly half the explanation. This is closely linked to the economic models of China and Guangdong Province, where high investment and net exports have created rapid economic growth. At present, China's relevant labor laws, whether related to the scope or enforcement of the need to improve, in the protection of workers' interests need to be strengthened. This will also affect the ability of workers and capital owners to negotiate. Finally, China is a typical dual economy. The level of urbanization is not yet high, and there are still a large number of surplus labor forces in rural areas. Industrialization has not yet fully absorbed these labor forces. This has resulted in a serious oversupply of labor market. This will directly affect the wages of workers, thus affecting the proportion of labor income. In addition, the expansion of higher education enrollment has led to the embarrassing situation of college graduates that "graduation equals unemployment," resulting in an imbalance in the structure of the labour market. It is not conducive to the increase of the share of labor income. According to the analysis of this paper, the government should pay more attention to the interests of workers in formulating relevant policies and laws. To change the mode of economic development, to increase the proportion of final consumption in the national economy, we must increase the proportion of labor income in order to make the economy develop well and continuously.
【学位授予单位】：华南理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：F249.24;F127

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