见义勇为：行政法调整的反思与重构

发布时间：2019-05-21 13:23

【摘要】： 见义勇为是中华民族的传统美德,也是一种让整个社会都能从中获益的高尚行为。但是,当前实践中见义勇为者却面临许多困境,其各方面的权益得不到保障。目前我国的法律体系中,民法、刑法、劳动法等部门法都有调整见义勇为的相关制度,但也都存在着各种各样的缺陷,从而导致见义勇为者在法律上也难以寻求到全面的救济途径。为了解决这一困境,需要从行政法的角度分析研究我国相关立法的现状,发扬其优势弥补其不足,以期构建一个能为见义勇为者提供全面保障的法律体系。为了达到这一研究目的,全文共分五章进行探讨,各章的主要内容如下: 第一章是绪论部分。本章从见义勇为者在实践中面临的困境出发,探讨了研究见义勇为行政法调整这一问题的重要理论价值与实践意义。第二章是见义勇为概述。本章在从法律上界定见义勇为概念和特征的基础上,对见义勇为主体、客体、主观方面、客观方面的四个构成要件进行了全面分析,同时还从精神与物质两个层面探讨了见义勇为的意义与价值。第三章是见义勇为行政法调整的必要性。本章通过对国内民法、刑法、劳动法、社会保障法、行政法等部门法律相关制度的评价,探讨了行政法之外其他法部门法对见义勇为调整之不足,分析了行政法对该问题调整之优势,提出了以行政法为主导、以其他部门相配合协调的立法模式。第四章是见义勇为行政法调整的现状。本章首先介绍见义勇为地方立法的概况,紧接着从总则与分则两个方面系统分析了有关地方立法的具体内容。其中,总则部分对地方立法的立法目的、立法原则、立法效力、立法根据都有详细地探讨,分则部分对见义勇为的确认、保障、奖励、相关法律责任等制度都作了深入地分析。在此基础上,本章着重指出了目前的立法制度设计存在的问题,为立法的重构起了重要的铺垫作用。第五章是见义勇为行政法调整的重构。本章是全文的落脚点,也是笔者研究的成果之所在。主要内容为从我国国情出发,借鉴国外相关立法的先进制度,在吸取地方立法经验教训的基础上,对见义勇为全国性行政立法的总体规划与具体制度设计进行了全面系统的探讨,提出了重构相关立法的具体举措。
[Abstract]:Bravery is not only the traditional virtue of the Chinese nation, but also a noble behavior from which the whole society can benefit. However, in the current practice, those who act bravely face many difficulties, and their rights and interests can not be protected. At present, in the legal system of our country, civil law, criminal law, labor law and other departmental laws all have the relevant system of adjustment and bravery, but there are also a variety of defects. As a result, it is difficult for those who act bravely to find a comprehensive way of relief in law. In order to solve this dilemma, it is necessary to analyze and study the present situation of the relevant legislation in our country from the perspective of administrative law, and carry forward its advantages to make up for its shortcomings, in order to construct a legal system that can provide comprehensive protection for those who act bravely. In order to achieve this purpose, the full text is divided into five chapters, the main contents of each chapter are as follows: the first chapter is the introduction. Based on the difficulties faced by those who act bravely in practice, this chapter discusses the important theoretical value and practical significance of studying the adjustment of administrative law. The second chapter is an overview of bravery. On the basis of defining the concept and characteristics of bravery in law, this chapter makes a comprehensive analysis of the four constituent elements of bravery as subject, object, subjective and objective. At the same time, the significance and value of bravery in righteousness are discussed from the spiritual and material levels. The third chapter is the necessity of the adjustment of administrative law. Through the evaluation of the relevant legal systems of domestic civil law, criminal law, labor law, social security law, administrative law and so on, this chapter discusses the shortcomings of other legal departments other than administrative law in adjusting the courage of justice. This paper analyzes on the advantages of administrative law in adjusting this problem, and puts forward a legislative model dominated by administrative law and coordinated by other departments. The fourth chapter is the current situation of the adjustment of administrative law. This chapter first introduces the general situation of local legislation, and then systematically analyzes the specific contents of local legislation from two aspects: general principles and sub-rules. Among them, the general principle part has the detailed discussion to the local legislation legislative purpose, the legislative principle, the legislative effect, the legislative basis, and the sub-rule part has made the thorough analysis to the system such as the confirmation, the guarantee, the reward, the related legal liability and so on. On this basis, this chapter focuses on the existing problems in the design of the current legislative system, which plays an important role in laying the groundwork for the reconstruction of legislation. The fifth chapter is the reconstruction of the adjustment of administrative law. This chapter is the foothold of the full text, but also the author's research results. The main content is to proceed from the national conditions of our country, draw lessons from the advanced system of foreign relevant legislation, and draw lessons from the experience and lessons of local legislation. This paper makes a comprehensive and systematic discussion on the overall planning and specific system design of the national administrative legislation, and puts forward some concrete measures for reconstructing the relevant legislation.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：D922.1

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