未成年学生校内伤害学校补充责任探究

发布时间：2018-02-06 07:08

本文关键词： 学校补充责任未成年学生安全保障义务　出处：《黑龙江大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：《侵权责任法》自2010年起正式实施,其中关于学校补充责任的规定,在司法实践中的应用变得越来越频繁。由于规定的内容过于简单笼统,导致了学校补充责任在实际适用中引发的争议屡见不鲜。基于其在理论上引发的争执以及在司法适用上的混乱,本文以“河南光山校园惨案”为切入点,对学校补充责任进行了分析和探讨。本文认为,学校与学生之间属于教育、管理的法律关系,根据《侵权责任法》第四十条可知,学校承担补充责任的条件是没有尽到管理职责,这种管理职责实质是学校的安全保障义务,其是学校补充责任的法理基础。对于校内未成年学生受到第三人伤害案件,经过分析,指出学校补充责任的归责原则属于过错推定原则,这更有助于对学生利益的保障。通过对其性质的讨论,本文指出学校补充责任是一种不同于按份责任、连带责任和不真正连带责任的侵权责任,其存在合情合理。同时,明确了学校的免责情形,提出学校对受害学生的赔偿份额应以未履行的安全保障义务为界限,这样才符合“相应的”补充责任。最后,对学校补充责任的意义进行了阐述,细化了过错的判断标准,建议将过错的判断标准法定化,并且,在对受害学生进行赔偿后,本文认为学校不享有追偿权。
[Abstract]:The Tort liability Law has been put into effect since 2010. The provisions on school supplementary liability have been applied more and more frequently in judicial practice, because the contents of the provisions are too simple and general. As a result of the school supplementary responsibility in the actual application of disputes caused by the common occurrence. Based on its theoretical disputes and confusion in the judicial application, this paper takes "the campus tragedy in Guangshan, Henan Province" as the breakthrough point. This paper analyzes and discusses the supplementary responsibility of schools. The author thinks that the legal relationship between school and students belongs to education and management, according to the 40th articles of the Tort liability Law. The condition for the school to assume the supplementary responsibility is that it fails to fulfill its management responsibility, which is essentially the school's duty of safety and security. It is the legal basis of the school supplementary responsibility. For the minor students injured by the third party, after analysis, it is pointed out that the school supplementary liability principle belongs to the presumption of fault principle. This is more conducive to the protection of the interests of students. Through the discussion of its nature, this paper points out that school supplementary liability is a kind of tort liability which is different from share liability, joint liability and non-real joint liability. Its existence is reasonable. At the same time, it clarifies the exemption situation of the school, and puts forward that the compensation share of the school to the injured students should be limited by the unfulfilled obligation of safety and security, so as to conform to the "corresponding" supplementary liability. Finally. This paper expounds the significance of school supplementary responsibility, refines the judgment standard of fault, proposes to legalize the judgment standard of fault, and after compensation to the injured students, the author thinks that the school does not enjoy the right of recovery.
【学位授予单位】：黑龙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D923

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