不明责任人高空抛物侵权责任研究

发布时间：2018-02-09 17:28

本文关键词： 不明责任人高空抛物侵权责任权利救济　出处：《湘潭大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：不明责任人高空抛物是区分所有的高层建筑物使用人或者其他居住人从建筑物内抛掷物品导致他人人身、财产遭受重大伤害或损害，，而又无法确定抛掷人的行为。《侵权责任法》出台前，各地法院对不明责任人高空抛物侵权案件的审理只能依据《民法通则》和最高人民法院《关于民事诉讼证据的若干规定》、《关于审理人身损害赔偿案件适用法律若干问题的解释》进行判决，以致相似案件出现了截然不同的判决结果，严重影响司法的统一性和权威性，也影响了法律的预防和可预测功能。2009年出台的《侵权责任法》明确规定，由“可能加害的建筑物使用人”给予“补偿”。新法的出台，理应定纷止争，然而，争议并没停止。尽管人们认可该法“救济受害人”的基本立法理念，对其规则性规定却争议较大。无论在实体公正还是操作程序上，都认为该条文存在一定的缺陷，需要完善，对不明责任人高空抛物侵权责任的进一步探讨和研究仍然有其价值。论文首先先分析了不明责任人高空抛物侵权问题提出的背景及其含义和特点。其次，对《侵权责任法》实施前不明责任人高空抛物侵权领域三个相似案件的不同判决作了详细分析。再次，就《侵权责任法》第87条进行了立法维度的解读，并探讨了不明责任人高空抛物侵权规定的不足。最后，以救济受害人权利为基本视角，对不明责任人高空抛物侵权责任的承担提出了完善建议。
[Abstract]:An unidentified person who is responsible for parabolic objects from a height is to distinguish between all the occupants of a high-rise building or other occupants who throw objects from the building to cause serious injury or damage to the person or property of the other person. And it is impossible to determine the act of throwing a person. Before the Tort liability Act was introduced, Courts in all localities can only hear cases of torts involving parabolic torts of unknown persons on the basis of the General principles of Civil Law and the provisions of the Supreme people's Court on evidence in civil proceedings, and the law applicable to the trial of cases of compensation for personal injury. Interpretation of dry problems. As a result, similar cases have different results of judgment, which seriously affect the unity and authority of the judiciary, as well as the preventive and predictable functions of the law. Compensation should be given to "potential users of buildings". The introduction of the new law should end the dispute, however, the controversy has not stopped. Although people recognize the basic legislative concept of the law "to help the victims," Whether in substantive justice or in operation procedure, it is believed that there are some defects in the provision, which need to be perfected. It is still valuable to further discuss and study the liability of parabolic tort. Firstly, this paper analyzes the background, meaning and characteristics of the problem of parabolic tort. This paper makes a detailed analysis of the different judgments of three similar cases in the field of high-altitude parabolic tort before the implementation of the Tort liability Law. Thirdly, the article 87 of the Tort liability Law is interpreted in terms of legislation. Finally, from the perspective of the relief of the rights of the victims, the author puts forward some suggestions to improve the liability of parabolic tort.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D923

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