大规模侵权的惩罚性赔偿研究

发布时间：2018-03-06 09:27

本文选题：大规模侵权　切入点：惩罚性赔偿　出处：《北京交通大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：由于科技的不确定性,生产的大规模重复性以及企业的天然逐利性,当代社会已经成为高风险社会。大规模侵权的频繁发生,不仅给成千上万的受害者的利益带来损害,而且给社会整体利益带来了冲击。作为悬在企业头顶的“达摩克利斯之剑”,惩罚性赔偿制度能够有效遏制大规模侵权的发生,并最大限度的弥补侵权造成的损害,安抚受害人,保护社会道德标准,激励社会对企业的监管。惩罚性赔偿制度有着悠久的历史,在英美等判例法国家得以完善。作为成文法国家,我国对惩罚性赔偿制度始终抱有谨慎的态度。目前我国《中华人民共和国侵权责任法》第四十七条、《消费者权益保护法》的第五十五条和《中华人民共和国食品安全法》的第一百四十八条共同构成了我国惩罚性赔偿制度。但是我国的惩罚性赔偿制度存在适用范围过窄,惩罚是否适当的等问题,需要进一步完善。本文的目的是通过对惩罚性赔偿的正当性、合理性进行阐述,分析惩罚性赔偿在大规模侵权中适用的迫切需要。同时比较两大法系大规模侵权适用惩罚性赔偿的状况,讨论这项制度在我国的适用范围和惩罚性赔偿金的计算标准,以期完善这项制度的适用。本文分为四个部分,第一部分通过探讨大规模侵权的含义和性质,从而限定惩罚性赔偿的适用范围；第二部分主要探讨大规模侵权案件中适用惩罚性赔偿的迫切性与必要性；第三部分对两大法系主要国家大规模侵权适用惩罚性赔偿的状况进行比较,讨论这项制度在我国大规模侵权案件中的适用前景；第四部分讨论大规模侵权案件中惩罚性赔偿的适用范围以及赔偿金的计算标准。
[Abstract]:Due to the uncertainty of science and technology, natural interestbanking production scale and repeatability of enterprises, the contemporary society has become a high risk society. Frequent occurrence of mass tort, not only bring damage to tens of thousands of the interests of the victims, but also to the interests of the whole society has brought shock. As hanging in the corporate head "Damour Damocles" the punitive compensation system, can effectively curb the occurrence of mass torts, and the maximum for the damage caused by the infringement, to appease the victims, protect the social moral standard, social incentive of enterprise supervision. The punitive compensation system has a long history, has been improved in the Anglo American case law. Such as a civil law country, our country have always cautious attitude of punitive compensation system. At present our country < People's Republic of China tort law > forty-seventh, < > of consumer protection law 148th of the fifty-fifth People's Republic of China and "food safety law" constitute the punitive compensation system in our country. But the punitive damages system in our country there is too narrow, if appropriate punishment and other issues, the need for further improvement. The purpose of this paper is the legitimacy of punitive damages, rationality is expounded, the urgent analysis to apply the punitive compensation in mass tort. At the same time, comparing the two legal systems of mass tort of punitive damages, discuss this system in our country and the applicable scope of punitive damages calculation standard, in order to improve the application of this system.
This paper is divided into four parts, the first part through the discussion of the meaning and nature of mass tort, the scope and limit of punitive damages; the second part mainly discusses the urgency and necessity of the application of punitive damages in mass tort cases; third part is about the comparison of the two major countries of mass tort of punitive damages in application is discussed the prospect of this system in a large scale in China in case of tort; the fourth part discusses the scope of application of punitive damages in mass tort cases and calculation standard for compensation.

【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D922.294;D923

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