业主自治下的业主大会法人化

发布时间：2018-03-15 10:12

本文选题：业主自治　切入点：业主大会　出处：《上海社会科学院》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：国家的社会治理有两种形式社会管理和社会自治。随着构建服务型政府的顶层设计,社会自治的功能越发重要。我国国家和地方立法对于业主自治是有相关规制的,但通过现实案例可知目前我国业主大会制度几乎失灵,业主未能有效开展自治,究其原因是我国立法未明确业主团体的民事主体地位。民事主体范围呈现从自然人逐渐扩展到法人、非法人组织的趋势,我国立法对于业主大会的民事主体需要在法人或非法人组织之间做出选择。笔者认为我国业主大会定性为非法人组织欠妥。赋予业主团体独立法人地位已成为域外各国立法的重要趋势,我国各地也正在积极探索业主大会法人化。业主大会法人化能够理顺业主大会与业委会、平衡业主与物业公司的关系、以及方便业主维权,能够真正代表全体业主维护小区公共利益。业主大会具有专项维修基金和公共收益两大块财产权,业主大会能够独立承担民事责任也是其拥有独立财产的必要反映和结果,故业主大会法人化有其必要性和可行性。业主大会法人化之后,可参照公司法人的构建,将我国业主团体名称确定为业主协会,执行机构依然为业委会,决策机构确定为业主大会会议,监督机构确定为监事会。
[Abstract]:There are two forms of social governance and social autonomy. With the construction of the top-level design of service-oriented government, the function of social autonomy becomes more and more important. However, through practical cases, we can see that at present the owners' Congress system in our country is almost out of order, and the owners have failed to carry out the autonomy effectively. The reason is that the legislation of our country has not clearly defined the civil subject status of owners' group. The scope of civil subject has gradually expanded from natural person to legal person. The legislation of our country needs to make a choice between the legal person and the unincorporated organization for the civil subject of the owners' meeting. The author thinks that the owner's meeting is not qualified as a non-legal person organization, and it has become a domain to endow the owners' group with the status of independent legal person. Important trends in the legislation of foreign countries, All parts of our country are actively exploring the legalization of the owners' Congress, which can straighten out the relationship between the owners' meeting and the industry committee, balance the relationship between the owners and the property companies, and facilitate the protection of the rights of the owners. It can truly represent all the owners to safeguard the public interests of the community. The owners' Congress has two large property rights, the special maintenance fund and the public revenue. The owners' meeting can bear civil liability independently, which is also the necessary reflection and result of the owners' independent property. Therefore, it is necessary and feasible for the owners' Congress to be legalized. After the owners' meeting is legalized, the owners' group name can be determined as the owners' association by referring to the construction of the legal person of the company, and the executive body is still the industry committee. The decision-making organ shall be the meeting of the owners' meeting, and the supervisory organ shall be the board of supervisors.
【学位授予单位】：上海社会科学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D923.2

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