我国未成年人国家监护制度研究

发布时间：2018-04-13 17:09

本文选题：未成年人 + 国家监护　；参考：《宁波大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：未成年人是国家的未来和希望,保护未成年人不仅是家庭的义务,也是社会和国家的责任。在我国因受传统文化观念的影响,普遍认为未成年人监护是家庭内部事务,导致实践中侵害未成年人合法权益的事件层出不穷。相关法律中对未成年人国家监护制度有所规定,但现有规定原则性、概括性强,系统性、可操作性差,实施效果并不理想。本文分四部分,对我国未成年人国家监护制度进行论述。文章第一部分为未成年人国家监护的性质和理论依据。首先,论述未成年人国家监护的起源与发展、对国家监护进行概念界定、阐述未成年人国家监护的主体与适用对象;其次,阐述未成年人国家监护的性质;最后,分析未成年人国家监护的理论依据。文章第二部分为我国未成年人国家监护制度的现状及问题。主要阐述我国未成年人国家监护制度的立法及实施现状;分析我国未成年人国家监护制度存在的主要问题,从未成年人国家监护存在观念上的误区、法律保障不足、实现形式单一等三个方面进行阐述。文章第三部分为域外未成年人国家监护制度及对我国的启示。介绍美国、西班牙以及德国未成年人国家监护的主要内容,进一步阐述我国未成年人国家监护应坚持适度干预的原则、注重与传统监护的衔接、厘清“国家监护”与“国家监护监督”之关系。文章第四部分为我国未成年人国家监护制度的完善。国家监护的完善不仅需要破除陈旧的思想观念,而且需要具体法律规则的完善,更需要各部门之间的通力合作。通过政府购买等方式充分调动社会力量,积极吸收社会资本进入,弥补财政资金的不足,从而实现未成年人国家监护作用的良好发挥。
[Abstract]:The protection of minors is not only the duty of the family, but also the responsibility of the society and the country.Under the influence of traditional cultural concepts, it is generally believed that the guardianship of minors is an internal affair of the family, which leads to the occurrence of violations of the lawful rights and interests of minors in practice.There are provisions in the relevant laws on the national guardianship system of minors, but the existing provisions are principled, strong generality, systematic, poor operability, and the implementation effect is not ideal.This article divides into four parts, carries on the elaboration to our country minor national guardianship system.The first part of the article is the nature and theoretical basis of state custody of minors.First of all, it discusses the origin and development of state guardianship of minors, defines the concept of state guardianship, expounds the subject and applicable object of state guardianship of minors; secondly, expounds the nature of state guardianship of minors; finally,This paper analyzes the theoretical basis of state guardianship of minors.The second part is the status quo and problems of national guardianship system for minors in China.This paper mainly expounds the legislation and implementation of the national guardianship system for minors in our country, analyzes the main problems existing in the national guardianship system of minors in our country, analyzes the misunderstanding of the concept of the state guardianship of minors, and the lack of legal protection.The realization form is single and so on three aspects are elaborated.The third part of the article is about the system of state guardianship of minors and its enlightenment to our country.This paper introduces the main contents of the national guardianship of minors in the United States, Spain and Germany, and further expounds that the state guardianship of minors in our country should adhere to the principle of moderate intervention and pay attention to the connection with the traditional guardianship.To clarify the relationship between "state custody" and "state guardianship supervision".The fourth part is the perfection of the national guardianship system of minors in China.The perfection of state guardianship needs not only to break down the old ideas, but also to perfect the specific laws and regulations, and also to cooperate with each other.Through government purchase and other ways to fully mobilize social forces, actively absorb social capital into, make up for the lack of financial funds, so as to achieve the role of national guardianship of minors to play a good role.
【学位授予单位】：宁波大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D922.183

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