以税收奖励为主的著作权体系研究

发布时间：2018-04-15 05:08

本文选题：数字网络技术 + 著作权体系　；参考：《湘潭大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：保罗·戈斯汀说过“著作权从一开始就是技术之子”,可见媒介技术深刻影响著作权的产生和发展。随着媒介技术的发展,著作权的保护领域在不断扩张、保护强度在通过强化执法力度不断加强。在模拟技术时代,以复制权为权利核心的著作权受复制技术和复制载体的影响,尚能够通过看门人制度调节著作权人利益与公众利益之间的矛盾,确保双方共同作出理性选择生产或购买最接近社会最佳的数量,即实现帕累托最优。数字网络环境下,传统著作权体系遭遇到前所未有的危机。首先,数字网络时代是令人无法抗拒的时代,是获取知识最为自由的时代,技术让复制品具有高保真性、便捷性、普遍性。公众可以任意获取、使用享有版权的作品,并且不认为这是违法行为,传统著作权体系赖以存在的看门人制度无能为力。其次,网络传播低成本、速度快、规模大的特性,为作品的传播和利用提供了无限可能,著作权制度却有扼杀这种可能的嫌疑。最后,随着作品创作的大众参与,即“万人出版时代”的到来,著作权归属难以确定,著作权关系无比复杂,用户如果想使用作品就要经过很多创作参与者许可同意,作品的使用成本升高、获得许可的程序也很复杂。著作权所保护的作品具有非竞争性和非排他性的特征,属于经济学意义上公共物品的范畴。公共物品的提供方式有政府自己提供、政府奖励或资助个体机构提供、商业特许经营三种。传统著作权体系属于商业特许经营提供方式,只是保证优秀作品供给的其中一种模式,并不是唯一的。由于数字网络技术对传统著作权体系的冲击,为了寻求解决问题的出路,平衡著作权人利益与公众利益,应该建立一种以税收奖励为主的著作权体系。以税收奖励为主的著作权体系的建立应当从注册制度、征税制度、著作权人奖励分配制度、著作权争端解决制度等入手,并应注意处理实施过程中会存在的消费者行为的歪曲、行政自由裁量的监督、跨国界问题和是否符合国际公约等四方面问题。
[Abstract]:Paul Gostin said, "copyright is the son of technology from the beginning."With the development of media technology, the field of copyright protection is expanding.In the era of analog technology, the copyright with the right of reproduction as the core is influenced by the reproduction technology and the copy carrier, which can adjust the contradiction between the interests of the copyright owner and the public interest through the gatekeeper system.Make sure both parties make a rational choice to produce or purchase the best quantity, that is, to achieve Pareto optimal.Under the digital network environment, the traditional copyright system encounters unprecedented crisis.First of all, the era of digital network is irresistible, and it is the most free time to acquire knowledge. Technology makes replicas have high fidelity, convenience and universality.The public can access and use copyrighted works at will and do not consider it illegal. The gatekeeper system on which the traditional copyright system is based is powerless.Secondly, the characteristics of low cost, fast speed and large scale of network dissemination offer unlimited possibilities for the dissemination and utilization of works, but the copyright system has the suspicion of stifling this possibility.Finally, with the popular participation in the creation of works, that is, the era of publication of 10,000 people, it is difficult to determine the ownership of copyright, and the copyright relationship is extremely complicated. If users want to use the work, they will have to go through many authoring participants' permission and consent.The cost of using the work has increased, and the process of obtaining a license is complex.The works protected by copyright are non-competitive and non-exclusive and belong to the category of public goods in the sense of economics.Public goods are provided by the government itself, by government incentives or grants to individual organizations, and by commercial franchises.The traditional copyright system belongs to the commercial franchise supply mode, which is only one of the modes to guarantee the supply of excellent works, and is not the only one.Because of the impact of digital network technology on the traditional copyright system, in order to find a way to solve the problem and balance the interests of copyright owners and the public, we should establish a copyright system with tax incentives.The establishment of copyright system based on tax reward should start with registration system, taxation system, distribution system of copyright owner's reward, copyright dispute settlement system and so on, and should pay attention to the distortion of consumer behavior existing in the process of implementation.Supervision of administrative discretion, cross-border issues and compliance with international conventions.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D923.41

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