论不动产收益权质押制度

发布时间：2018-05-09 17:39

本文选题：不动产收益权质押 + 实践评析　；参考：《中央民族大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着国家基础设施项目发展,产生了大量的融资需求,促使各大金融机构不断探索新思路,以迎合该需求,扩展自己的业务范围。在这种背景下,基础设施类的不动产收益权被用于质押担保的标的进行贷款这一形式开始在金融领域兴起。但是我们现在所提到的不动产收益权质押担保不仅仅限于基础设施类不动产收益权,其外延范围在实践发展过程中不断被扩大,但在立法层面却没有及时响应该发展趋势,为不动产收益权的发展提供足够的制度支撑。2000年9月,最高人民法院通过了《担保法解释》,该解释第九十七条以列举的方式中首次确认了几种不动产收益权质押的效力。近年来,在实践中,用于融资的不动产收益权范围不断丰富扩大,除上述司法解释中明确提到的几类基础设施类的不动产收益权质押外,相当多民用的不动产收益权质押也进入了融资领域,例如写字楼或者商铺的租赁权质押等。从理论层面看,不动产收益权质押是一项新的担保制度模式,从实践发展角度分析,它是银行业界一项新型的金融业务。相对于传统的出质物,理论支持比较匮乏,实践操作也比较混乱,所以有必要对不动产收益权质押的概念、法律性质等系列问题进行探讨和研究,在理论上理清与相关类似概念的界限,为实践提供坚实的理论基础,有效指导实践中该制度的不断深入发展。本文主要分为四个部分,首先从概念上对不动产收益权质押进行界定,就不动产收益权的性质进行深刻探讨,并将其定性为一种新型的特殊财产权,就其理论争议进行了不同观点的梳理。其次,通过对我国部分地区就不动产收益权质押实践尝试情况的分析,可以发现目前关于该制度相关文件规定不完善,法律效力层级较低,在质押担保的公示、实现方面还存在不足,有待于完善。随后,通过对美国、法国、日本等国家相关类似制度的的比较考察,比较了国内外相关质押制度的异同,并通过他们的经验拓宽我国理论研究的视野,旨在通过对立法目的等方面的分析,进一步强调该制度的意义。最后,基于理论与实践两方面的分析,归纳目前该制度的风险,提出自己制度构想。诚挚期望本文能为推动我国不动产收益权质押理论的研究作出贡献。
[Abstract]:With the development of national infrastructure projects, a large number of financing needs have been generated, which urges major financial institutions to constantly explore new ideas to meet this demand and expand their business scope. In this context, the real estate income right of infrastructure type is used to pledge the subject matter of guarantee to make loans, which began to rise in the field of finance. However, the pledge of real estate income right mentioned by us is not only limited to the real estate income right of infrastructure category, but its extension has been continuously expanded in the process of practical development, but it does not respond to the trend of development in time at the legislative level. In September 2000, the Supreme people's Court adopted the interpretation of the guarantee Law, which, in the way listed in Article 97, for the first time confirmed the validity of the pledge of the right to real estate income. In recent years, in practice, the range of real estate income rights used for financing has been continuously expanded, except for the pledge of real estate income rights of several types of infrastructure mentioned explicitly in the above judicial interpretation. A large number of civil real estate income pledge has also entered the field of financing, such as office premises or shops lease pledge and so on. From a theoretical point of view, the pledge of real estate income right is a new mode of guarantee system. From the perspective of practical development, it is a new type of financial business in the banking sector. Compared with the traditional pledge, the theoretical support is relatively scarce, and the practical operation is also confused. Therefore, it is necessary to discuss and study the concept and legal nature of the pledge of the right to real estate proceeds. In theory, it clarifies the boundary with the similar concepts, provides a solid theoretical basis for practice, and effectively guides the further development of the system in practice. This paper is mainly divided into four parts. Firstly, it defines the pledge of real estate income right from the concept, deeply discusses the nature of real estate income right, and characterizes it as a new type of special property right. In this paper, the author sorts out different points of view on the theoretical controversy. Secondly, by analyzing the practice of pledge of real estate proceeds in some areas of our country, we can find that the relevant documents about this system are not perfect, the level of legal effect is low, and the pledge guarantee is published. The realization aspect still has the insufficiency, needs to be consummated. Then, through the comparative investigation of the similar systems in the United States, France, Japan and other countries, this paper compares the similarities and differences between the relevant pledge systems at home and abroad, and broadens the perspective of our theoretical research through their experience. The purpose is to emphasize the significance of the system through the analysis of legislative purpose and so on. Finally, based on the analysis of theory and practice, this paper sums up the risks of the present system and puts forward its own institutional conception. It is sincerely expected that this paper will contribute to the research of pledge theory of real estate income right in China.
【学位授予单位】：中央民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D923.2

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