论我国民间文学艺术作品著作权保护中的合理使用规则

发布时间：2018-05-10 10:13

本文选题：合理使用 + 民间文学艺术作品　；参考：《华中科技大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：中华人民共和国于1990年9月公布施行的《著作权法》明确规定了民间文学艺术作品的保护以著作权的模式来进行,国务院对其制定详细的实施措施与保护办法。民间文学艺术作品在成百上千年的沿袭中得以保存流传,使我们拥有丰富的精神文化财富,因而必须掌握好保护民间文学艺术作品的“度”。因为不对其提供法律支持的话,会造成民间文学艺术作品的流逝与消亡,但是一味禁止其他人对作品的使用,与交流,对民间文学艺术作品本身的发展,以及文化的交流都会产生无法估量的损失。对合理使用规则的完善,有助于民间文学艺术作品法律制度的健全,优化社会主义法律体系。但由于民间文学艺术作品具有传统性、延续性、群体性、地域性、作者身份不明确性等不同于一般著作权作品的特点,因此,对于合理使用的具体情形、立法模式、条款设计格式,成为我们国家的《民间文学艺术作品著作权保护条例》制定过程中不可忽略的重点。民间文学艺术作品的合理使用在其本质上是一种限制,我们可以视这种限制为其他人对于著作权作品的权利,任何权利都不应该没有边界,因此应当对其进行反限制,以此避免权利过于外放没有边界。针对作为民间文学艺术作品的合理使用进行反限制,是实现权利人、传播人、使用人三者之间的利益统一、解决三者之间利益矛盾的重要制度。应当从使用的目的、被使用作品性质、使用作品的程度、是否有利于它的发展传承、使用行为对于权利人的影响五个方面进行界定,以此来实现利益的平衡。在我国学术界,关于民间文学艺术作品合理使用规则一直存在争论,从内容到形式,各个学者都有各自的观点,莫衷一是。争点有:要不要设立民间文学艺术作品合理使用规则?合理使用规则如何规定?应该采用列何种立法模式?本文对各个学者的观点进行了梳理分析,并且结合其特征、国际上相关规定,对民间文学艺术作品著作权保护中的合理使用规则进行了分析、归纳与总结,并对我国民间文学艺术作品合理使用制度的发展提出以下建议:一是我国的民间文学艺术作品合理使用的采用规则主义和因素主义并举;二是认定民间文学艺术作品合理使用时应进行五个方面的考量。第三是在前文论述的基础上,认识合理使用的作用,以及适合我国民间文学艺术作品的模式与设计,提出了“概括+列举+兜底”立法模式的建议。
[Abstract]:The copyright Law, promulgated by the people's Republic of China in September 1990, clearly stipulates that the protection of folklore works shall be carried out by the mode of copyright. The State Council has formulated detailed implementation measures and measures for its protection. Folklore works have been preserved and circulated for hundreds of years, which makes us rich in spiritual and cultural wealth, so we must master the "degree" to protect folklore and art works. Because if they are not provided with legal support, they will result in the passage and extinction of folklore and art works, but they will only prohibit others from using, communicating, and developing folklore and art works themselves. And the exchange of cultures can cause incalculable losses. The perfection of the rules of rational use is helpful to the perfection of the legal system of folklore and art works and the optimization of the socialist legal system. However, because the folklore works have the characteristics of tradition, continuity, collectivity, regionality, and the identity of the author are not clear, therefore, for the specific situation of reasonable use, the legislative model, The form of clause design has become the key point in the formulation of the regulations on the copyright Protection of Folk Literature and Art works in our country. The rational use of folklore and art works is essentially a restriction, which we can regard as the rights of others over copyright works, and no right should be without boundaries, and therefore should be subject to counterrestrictions. In this way, to avoid too much power out of the border. As a reasonable use of folklore and art works, it is an important system to realize the unity of interests among the right holders, communicators and users, and to solve the conflicts of interests among them. It should be defined from five aspects: the purpose of use, the nature of the used work, the degree of the use of the work, whether it is conducive to its development and inheritance, and the influence of the use behavior on the obligee, so as to achieve the balance of interests. In the academic circles of our country, there has always been controversy about the rules of rational use of folklore and art works, from the content to the form, all scholars have their own views, different opinions. The argument is: should we set up rules for the rational use of folklore and art works? What are the rules for rational use? What legislative model should be adopted? In this paper, the views of various scholars are combed and analyzed, and combined with its characteristics and relevant international regulations, the reasonable use rules in the copyright protection of folklore and art works are analyzed, summarized and summarized. And put forward the following suggestions to the development of the system of rational use of folk literature and art works of our country: first, adopting the rule doctrine and factor doctrine to develop the reasonable use of the folk literature and art works of our country; Second, five aspects should be taken into account when determining the rational use of folklore works. Third, on the basis of the previous discussion, the author understands the role of rational use, and the model and design suitable for Chinese folk literature and art works, and puts forward some suggestions on the legislative model of "generalizing and enumerating for the bottom".
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D923.41;G122

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