环境相邻权法律制度研究

发布时间：2018-05-20 07:31

本文选题：环境相邻权 + 不可量物侵害　；参考：《中国海洋大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：伴随着全球经济的现代化发展,世界普遍存在忽视以至于牺牲人们所居住的环境而片面追求经济的增长的现象。环境是人类生息繁衍的场所,其优劣的条件与人们生活品质的高低休戚相关。近几年,在环境污染和环境破坏日趋严重的基础上,人们生活中越来越多的要面对环境相邻权的纠纷,而这一权益的纠纷不再是一项社会新生事物,随之而来的相关诉讼也形形色色。环境相邻权是基于民法上的相邻关系制度结合环境保护要素而出现的一个新兴法律概念,本质上是通过相邻权制度的理念来解决环境方面的问题,目的是为相邻不动产财产权人提供一个分明的“泾渭“,最大限度地保证相邻不动产所有人之间的友好关系。但是,由于我国对于环境相邻权这一制度的建立和完善还在初级阶段,许多有关此制度的法律还无法面面俱到,不仅让侵害者一方继续侵害对方权益,还给司法实践带来很多的难题。本文中会对环境相邻权的属性进行界定,讨论其是一项拥有公权与私权交叉的新兴法律概念,因而具有私权的人格性特征和公权的公共性特征。对于公权——环境权受侵害的赔偿范围限定在属于公民个人所属的领域,例如基于不动产而享有的接受光照的权利、防止噪声的权利。通过对环境相邻权这一理论的探讨和分析,比较研究外国有关此制度的相关规定和先进理论,在分析这一制度在我国的发展现状基础上,重点对如何完善我国环境相邻权制度提出几点可行性建议。文章主要分为四个部分阐述此研究课题。第一部分首先通过对案例的分析带动对环境相邻权的主要内容的界定。在明确相邻关系的涵义和发展以及环境权的法律概念基础上,归纳出环境相邻权理论的内涵和此理论存在的必要性以及特殊性。第二部分是通过分析德国、英美、日本等国外法律对此权利才去的不同法律制度,比较研究外国在环境相邻权理论上的前沿学说和先进办法,值得我国运用借鉴之处。第三部分是阐述和分析环境相邻权制度在我国的发展和现状,通过全面梳理我国有关此制度的法律规定,肯定我国《物权法》取得的成绩同时,发现我国尚存在关于环境相邻权制度法律规定的不完整不全面之处以及司法实践中法律适用难的问题。第四部分在总结全文的基础上,针对文章开篇的案例引发的几点思考和环境相邻权制度存在的问题,就如何完善我国环境相邻权之法律保护提出建议。
[Abstract]:With the development of the global economy, the phenomenon of ignoring and sacrificing the living environment and pursuing the economic growth is common in the world. Environment is the place where human beings live and multiply, and its advantages and disadvantages are closely related to people's quality of life. In recent years, on the basis of increasingly serious environmental pollution and environmental damage, more and more people have to face the disputes of the adjacent rights of the environment in their daily lives, and the dispute over this right is no longer a new thing in society. The related litigation that follows is also various. The environmental adjacent right is a new legal concept based on the adjoining relation system in civil law and environmental protection elements. In essence, it solves the environmental problems through the concept of adjacent right system. The purpose is to provide a clear "pure love" for the adjacent real estate property owners, and to ensure the friendly relationship between the adjacent real estate owners to the maximum extent. However, since the establishment and improvement of the system of environmental adjacent rights in China is still in its infancy, many laws concerning this system are not comprehensive enough, not only to allow the aggressor to continue to infringe on the other party's rights and interests, It also brings a lot of problems in judicial practice. This paper will define the attribute of environmental adjacent right and discuss that it is a new legal concept with public right and private right, so it has the personality characteristic of private right and the public characteristic of public right. The scope of compensation for infringement of public right-environmental right is limited to the field belonging to individual citizen, such as the right to receive illumination based on immovable property and the right to prevent noise. Based on the discussion and analysis of the theory of environmental adjacent right, this paper compares and studies the relevant regulations and advanced theories of foreign countries, and analyzes the present situation of the development of this system in our country. This paper puts forward some feasible suggestions on how to perfect the environmental neighboring right system in our country. The article is mainly divided into four parts to elaborate this research topic. The first part defines the main content of environmental neighboring right through case analysis. On the basis of defining the meaning and development of the adjacent relation and the legal concept of environmental right, the connotation of the theory of environmental adjacent right and the necessity and particularity of its existence are summarized. The second part is through the analysis of Germany, the United States, Japan and other foreign laws to this right of the different legal system, comparative study of foreign countries in the environmental adjacent rights in the theory of the frontier theory and advanced methods, worthy of our country to use for reference. The third part is to elaborate and analyze the development and present situation of the environmental adjacent right system in our country, through combing the legal provisions of this system in an all-round way, affirming the achievement that our country "property law" obtains at the same time, It is found that the legal provisions of environmental adjacent right system in our country are incomplete and incomplete, and the application of the law is difficult in judicial practice. On the basis of summarizing the full text, the fourth part puts forward some suggestions on how to perfect the legal protection of the environmental adjacent right in our country in view of the several considerations caused by the case at the beginning of the article and the problems existing in the system of environmental adjacent rights.
【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D923.2

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