论我国海域使用权
发布时间：2018-07-15 09:08
【摘要】：海域使用权从以行政管理为主到写入《物权法》,经历了“公权”、“私权”、“混合权利”之争。从海域使用权的财产权属性出发,应将海域使用权理解为在特定期限且特定海域内从事特定合理开发与利用海域的权利,是建立在国家所有的海域之上的一种以占有、使用和收益为内容的权利。海域使用权的设立主要争议在于设立的方式和设立行为的性质。海域使用权是一种不动产用益物权,在法律、行政法规未予以特别规定的前提下,应遵循《物权法》的基本规则。因海域使用涉及利益众多,原则上应参照建设用地使用权取得方式,采用公开协议、“招拍挂”等方式出让为宜。设立行为性质同样也应与土地使用权的出让一样,属于民事行为。同时,为了进一步明确海域使用权的财产权性质,应将限制取得资格条件变更为权利行使的资格条件。自魏玛宪法以来,所有权负有义务,海域使用权作为一种涉及到公共利益、国家安全、环境保护等公私利益的权利,负有负担乃为正常现象。海域使用权的权利负担来源于有二,一是为了满足国家管理秩序的需要而在公法中予以规定的负担,二是为了使得在民事权利人有序行使权利同时能够增益社会或无害于社会或他人而在私法中予以的必要限制。因经济社会的发展,对资源的综合利用是一种必然趋势,海域使用权与相关涉海权利并存必然是一种常态。并存的权利属于同一性质的应采用登记先于未登记的,同为登记的,设立时间在先的,权利应当优先,同为未登记的,从物尽其用和及时行使的角度考虑应采用使用在先的,权利优先规则。对于不同性质的权利之并存,应采用法定优于意定,公益优于私益的规则。
[Abstract]:The right to use the sea area has experienced the disputes of "public right", "private right" and "mixed right" from administrative management to the writing of Real right. Starting from the property of the right to use the sea area, the right to use the sea area should be understood as the right to engage in the specific and reasonable exploitation and utilization of the sea area within a specific period of time and within the specified sea area, which is a kind of possession based on the sea area owned by the state. The right to use and benefit as content. The main dispute about the establishment of the right to use the sea area lies in the way of establishment and the nature of the act of establishment. The right to use the sea area is a kind of real estate usufruct right, which should follow the basic rules of the property Law without special provisions in the laws and administrative regulations. Because the use of sea area involves a lot of interests, in principle, we should refer to the way of obtaining the right to use construction land, adopt the public agreement, "call, shoot and hang" and so on. The nature of the establishment act should also belong to the civil act as well as the transfer of the land use right. At the same time, in order to further clarify the property nature of the right to use the sea area, the restricted qualification should be changed into the qualification condition for the exercise of the right. Since Weimar constitution, the ownership has the duty, the right to use the sea area as a kind of public interest, national security, environmental protection and other public and private interests, bear the burden is a normal phenomenon. The burden of the right to use the sea area comes from two sources. One is the burden stipulated in public law in order to meet the needs of the state's administrative order. The other is the necessary restriction in private law in order to enable the civil rights to exercise their rights in an orderly manner and at the same time to be able to benefit the society or to do no harm to the society or others. Due to the development of economy and society, the comprehensive utilization of resources is an inevitable trend, and the coexistence of the right to use the sea area and the rights related to the sea is bound to be the norm. Where the right of coexistence belongs to the same nature, it should be adopted prior to registration, where the same is registered, where the time of establishment is first, the right shall be given priority, and the right shall be both unregistered, and the prior use shall be considered from the point of view of making the best use of things and exercising them in a timely manner, Rule of priority of rights For the coexistence of different rights, we should adopt the rule that the law is superior to the will, and the public interest is superior to the private interest.
【学位授予单位】：江西理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D923.2
本文编号：2123551
[Abstract]:The right to use the sea area has experienced the disputes of "public right", "private right" and "mixed right" from administrative management to the writing of Real right. Starting from the property of the right to use the sea area, the right to use the sea area should be understood as the right to engage in the specific and reasonable exploitation and utilization of the sea area within a specific period of time and within the specified sea area, which is a kind of possession based on the sea area owned by the state. The right to use and benefit as content. The main dispute about the establishment of the right to use the sea area lies in the way of establishment and the nature of the act of establishment. The right to use the sea area is a kind of real estate usufruct right, which should follow the basic rules of the property Law without special provisions in the laws and administrative regulations. Because the use of sea area involves a lot of interests, in principle, we should refer to the way of obtaining the right to use construction land, adopt the public agreement, "call, shoot and hang" and so on. The nature of the establishment act should also belong to the civil act as well as the transfer of the land use right. At the same time, in order to further clarify the property nature of the right to use the sea area, the restricted qualification should be changed into the qualification condition for the exercise of the right. Since Weimar constitution, the ownership has the duty, the right to use the sea area as a kind of public interest, national security, environmental protection and other public and private interests, bear the burden is a normal phenomenon. The burden of the right to use the sea area comes from two sources. One is the burden stipulated in public law in order to meet the needs of the state's administrative order. The other is the necessary restriction in private law in order to enable the civil rights to exercise their rights in an orderly manner and at the same time to be able to benefit the society or to do no harm to the society or others. Due to the development of economy and society, the comprehensive utilization of resources is an inevitable trend, and the coexistence of the right to use the sea area and the rights related to the sea is bound to be the norm. Where the right of coexistence belongs to the same nature, it should be adopted prior to registration, where the same is registered, where the time of establishment is first, the right shall be given priority, and the right shall be both unregistered, and the prior use shall be considered from the point of view of making the best use of things and exercising them in a timely manner, Rule of priority of rights For the coexistence of different rights, we should adopt the rule that the law is superior to the will, and the public interest is superior to the private interest.
【学位授予单位】：江西理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D923.2
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