论个人信息权的法律属性及立法保护思考

发布时间：2018-08-06 21:03

【摘要】：互联网及大数据产业的发展,促进了个人信息的利用,在人们接受便利服务的同时也失去了隐私的保护,每个人都成了"信息的裸体人",面对商家滥用其个人信息,作为单个消费者无论是主张精神权利还是财产权利都力不从心,而对商家加工处理之后形成的个人信息数据库的应用更是无从主张权利。本文从传统隐私权的人格属性加以分析,审视个人信息权的人身权属性,探讨个人信息与个人信息数据库在法律保护上区别关系,进而对个人信息保护立法提出作者的思考:个人信息的主体为自然人,本质属性为人格权,其所体现的财产价值依附于人格属性之下,保护人格权是第一位的,财产权是第二位的;个人信息数据库的主体是商家,其以财产权属性为主导,无论是政府、社会组织还是商人在将个人信息去识别化后即让这一数据库转变为具有财产属性的数据财富,在遵循个人信息保护规范之后,法律应当鼓励数据库的市场化运行。基于此,在立法上就要区别个人信息和个人信息数据库的不同保护对象以及不同的权利义务设计。
[Abstract]:The development of the Internet and big data industry has promoted the use of personal information. While people receive convenient services, they have also lost the protection of privacy. Everyone has become a "naked person of information", facing the abuse of their personal information by merchants. As a single consumer, both the spiritual right and the property right can not be achieved, and the application of the personal information database formed after the merchants' processing and processing is even more difficult to claim the right. This paper analyzes the personality attribute of the traditional privacy right, examines the personal right attribute of the personal information right, and probes into the difference relationship between personal information and personal information database in legal protection. Then the author puts forward the author's thinking on the legislation of personal information protection: the subject of personal information is natural person, the essential attribute is personality right, the property value embodied by it is attached to personality attribute, and the protection of personality right is the first. Property rights are second; the main body of the personal information database is the merchant, which is dominated by the property attribute of the property, regardless of whether it is the government, Social organizations or businessmen should change this database into data wealth with property after the personal information is identified. After following the norms of personal information protection, the law should encourage the market operation of the database. Based on this, it is necessary to distinguish between personal information and personal information database protection objects and different rights and obligations design in legislation.
【作者单位】：北京航空航天大学法学院;
【分类号】：D923

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