论民法中身份的扩张

发布时间：2018-11-06 19:49

【摘要】： 作为法学意义的身份最早可以追溯到古罗马时期的三大身份即市民—非市民、自由人—奴隶、家父—家子。然而随着亨利·梅因的“从身份到契约”的论断的提出以及德国民法的后续影响,身份被限制在亲属家庭法领域,自此,身份鲜为学者们问津。随着社会经济生活的深刻变化,及法学界对梅因论断的质疑和反思,在学界掀起了一股“从契约到身份”的浪潮,陆续出现了一些新身份,对于此类新身份的存在及其作用,学者们莫衷一是。本文正是在此背景下展开讨论。本文由引言、正文和结语三部分组成。引言部分阐述了写作的缘起,并限定了本文的研究范围。第一章是民法中身份的变迁史。本章首先从词源学的角度给民法中身份下定义,即民法中的身份是民事主体在民事法律关系中所处的一种具有差别性的法律地位或状态。在此定义背景下,介绍了民法中先后出现身份限缩和扩张的发展历程。第二章是我国民法中身份扩张的研究。本章以我国民法中身份扩张现象为研究对象,从身份的外延性和内在性来推导、论证民法中身份从亲属关系中扩张到亲属关系之外。既研究了我国民法中身份扩张的问题,也进一步印证了民法中身份扩张的大趋势。第三章是身份在我国民法中的架构。本章首先介绍了学界对身份架构的三种思路,在考察我国民法中身份民事立法的现状后,提出当前在我国民法中架构身份的一些建议和想法。结语部分表明了作者对这一问题的展望。
[Abstract]:The status of legal significance can be traced back to the three identities of ancient Rome, that is, citizen-non-citizen, free man-slave, father-family. However, with the proposition of Henry Maine's "from identity to contract" and the subsequent influence of German civil law, the status is restricted to the field of relative family law. Since then, identity has rarely been asked by scholars. With the profound changes in social and economic life, and the questioning and reflection of the theory of Maine in the field of law, there has been a wave of "from contract to identity" in the academic circle, and some new identities have emerged one after another, the existence and function of such new identities. Scholars are divided. It is under this background that this paper is discussed. This paper consists of three parts: introduction, text and conclusion. The introduction explains the origin of writing and limits the scope of this paper. The first chapter is the history of identity change in civil law. This chapter defines the identity in the civil law from the perspective of etymology, that is, the identity in the civil law is a kind of different legal status or state of the civil subject in the civil legal relationship. Under the background of this definition, this paper introduces the development course of the civil law. The second chapter is the research of the status expansion in the civil law of our country. This chapter takes the phenomenon of identity expansion in the civil law of our country as the research object, deduces from the external ductility and the immanence of the identity, and proves that the identity in the civil law expands from the kinship relation to the kinship relation. It not only studies the problem of status expansion in civil law, but also confirms the general trend of status expansion in civil law. The third chapter is the structure of identity in the civil law of our country. This chapter first introduces three kinds of ideas of the academic circles to the identity structure, after examining the status quo of the status civil legislation in the civil law of our country, puts forward some suggestions and ideas of constructing the identity in the civil law of our country at present. The conclusion shows the author's outlook on this issue.
【学位授予单位】：厦门大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：D913

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