论人格权的财产利益及其法律保护

发布时间：2018-12-21 07:50

【摘要】：人格权是民事主体对其生命、健康、姓名、肖像、名誉、隐私、信用等各种人格利益所享有的排除他人侵害的权利。民法体系中,人格权原则上是非财产权,体现人的尊严、自由和精神价值。随着科技发展和商品经济的繁荣,姓名、肖像、声音等标识性人格要素被广泛用于商业宣传和推销,这些人格要素既表征权利人的特定身份,同时也为权利主体带来可观的收益回报,部分人格元素的经济价值日益凸现。国外对人格权上的财产利益的已开始形成完整的保护模式,而我国法律虽然承认自然人的肖像、姓名等人格特征具有一定财产属性,但过于简约而失之疏漏,尤其缺失侵权行为的救济途径。因此,现阶段人格权财产利益的法律保护尚存漏洞,较低的侵权成本和擅自利用他人人格标识带来的可观收益,使人格权的财产利益之侵权案件屡见不鲜。本文由四章内容构成:第一、二章主要是致力于阐述人格权保护的理论基础及其发展历史,赋予人格权的财产利益保护的正当性。第三章,运用比较法,考察人格权的财产利益的具体保护模式,主要着力于介绍美国和德国,分析比较其对人格权财产利益的保护模式、主体和客体、许可与继承以及侵权救济等方面,寻找最适合我国国情的法制选择。第六章,回归我国现状,厘清我国现行法律对人格权保护的理论基础和实践模式,指出制度的不足和缺陷,进而对我国人格权财产利益的保护作出理论构想,提出了借鉴德国的统一权利模式对人格权财产利益保护的意见。
[Abstract]:Personality right is the civil subject's right to exclude other people's encroachment on its life, health, name, portrait, reputation, privacy, credit and so on. In civil law system, personality right is non-property right in principle, which embodies human dignity, freedom and spiritual value. With the development of science and technology and the prosperity of commodity economy, the identifiable personality elements, such as names, portraits, sounds and so on, are widely used in commercial promotion and marketing. These personality elements represent the specific identity of the right holder. At the same time, it also brings considerable returns to the subject of rights, and the economic value of some personality elements is increasingly prominent. Foreign countries have begun to form a complete mode of protection of property interests on personality rights. Although our country's laws recognize that the portrait and name of natural persons have certain property attributes, they are too simple and missing. In particular, the lack of tort remedies. Therefore, at this stage, the legal protection of personality rights property interests remains loopholes, low tort costs and unauthorized use of other people's personality logo brought considerable income, so that the property interests of personality infringement cases are common. This paper is composed of four chapters: the first and second chapters are mainly devoted to expounding the theoretical basis and development history of personality right protection and the legitimacy of property interest protection of personality right. The third chapter, using the comparative method, investigates the specific protection mode of the property interests of personality right, mainly focusing on introducing the United States and Germany, analyzing and comparing their protection mode, subject and object to the property interests of personality right. In the aspects of permission, inheritance and tort remedy, we seek the best choice of legal system suitable for our country's national conditions. The sixth chapter, returning to the present situation of our country, clarifies the theoretical foundation and practical mode of the protection of personality right in the current law of our country, points out the deficiency and defect of the system, and then makes a theoretical conception on the protection of property interests of personality right in our country. This paper puts forward the views on the protection of property interests of personality rights by using the unified right model of Germany.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D923

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