抵押权顺位立法问题研究

发布时间：2019-02-16 18:34

【摘要】：在现实生活中,重复抵押的情况十分常见,如果出现重复抵押的情况,在实现抵押权时,每个抵押权人都希望自己的抵押权所担保的债权能够得到完全清偿,但是有时抵押物的价值可能会低于其上所担保的债权的价值总额,就无法满足数个抵押权人的利益,数个抵押权人之间可能因此而产生纠纷,从而使经济秩序受到一定的干扰。抵押权的顺位问题便由此而产生,抵押权顺位制度的规定对债权的实现非常必要,然而就该规定,我国目前的《物权法》和《担保法》中的相关条文还很少,基于此,本文尝试对抵押权顺位的有关问题进行探究,为法律制度的完善提出一些建议。本文主要包括下面几个部分:第一部分主要是陈述抵押权顺位的基本理论,包含两个方面的问题:其一是抵押权顺位的含义。其二是对抵押权顺位产生的原因作出分析,主要涉及到重复抵押的问题。重复抵押在法律上和实务中都有其合理性,而且我国《物权法》对重复抵押也予以认可。第二部分主要是对我国现行的抵押权顺位立法进行分析,首先阐述我国的立法现状,并针对立法现状,发现我国立法的不足以及存在的问题,抵押权顺位在立法上存在着一些缺陷,我国目前实务中默认的顺位升进主义模式并不适应抵押权发展的未来趋势,关于抵押权顺位的让与、抛弃以及变更在法律上都没有具体明确的规定,这些都是需要解决的问题。第三部分主要探讨国外关于抵押权顺位的立法,其中又包括两部分内容,第一部分是抵押权顺位的变动模式。即国外采用的顺位固定主义和顺位升进主义,以及对两种模式的比较评析。第二部分是对各国抵押权顺位处分的立法评析,抵押权顺位有其现实的意义,权利人应该有权利对其进行处分,各国的立法都承认这一点。这部分就各国对抵押权顺位的让与、变更、抛弃的相关规定进行深入阐述,发现可供我国借鉴之处。第四部分主要提出完善我国在抵押权顺位的相关建议,在发现问题的基础上,同时借鉴国外的有益经验,有针对性的提出可行的建议。
[Abstract]:In real life, the situation of repeated mortgage is very common. If there is a situation of repeated mortgage, when realizing the mortgage, each mortgagee hopes that the claim guaranteed by his mortgage can be fully paid off. But sometimes the value of the mortgagee may be lower than the total value of the creditor's rights guaranteed on it, so that the interests of several mortgagees can not be satisfied, and disputes may arise between several mortgagees, thus disturbing the economic order to a certain extent. The order of mortgage comes into being, the stipulation of the system of mortgage ranking is very necessary for the realization of creditor's rights, however, there are few relevant provisions in our country's property Law and Security Law at present, based on this, This paper tries to probe into the problems of mortgage ranking, and puts forward some suggestions for the perfection of legal system. This article mainly includes the following several parts: the first part mainly describes the basic theory of mortgage ranking, including two aspects: one is the meaning of mortgage ranking. The second is the analysis of the causes of mortgage ranking, mainly involving the issue of repeated mortgage. Repeated mortgage has its rationality in law and practice. The second part is mainly to analyze the current legislation of mortgage right in our country. Firstly, it expounds the current situation of legislation of our country, and finds out the deficiency of legislation and the existing problems in view of the current situation of legislation. There are some defects in the legislation of mortgage ranking. The default progressive mode in practice in our country does not adapt to the future trend of mortgage development. Abandonment and change are issues that need to be addressed without specific legal provisions. The third part mainly discusses the foreign legislation on mortgage ranking, including two parts, the first part is the change mode of mortgage ranking. That is, the foreign adoption of the fixed and ascending doctrine, as well as the comparison of the two models. The second part is the analysis of the legislation of the right of mortgage in various countries, the right of mortgage has its practical significance, the obligee should have the right to dispose of it, the legislation of all countries all recognize this point. In this part, the transfer, change and abandonment of mortgage rights in various countries are discussed in depth, which can be used for reference in our country. The fourth part mainly puts forward some suggestions on how to improve the ranking of mortgage in our country. On the basis of finding the problems and drawing on the beneficial experience of foreign countries, the author puts forward some feasible suggestions.
【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D923.2

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