论监护在婚姻家庭制度中的地位及立法完善——以民法典的编纂和《民法总则》为背景

发布时间：2019-05-07 18:19

【摘要】：监护制度是一项古老且又极具生命力的制度。罗马法、法国民法典、德国民法典、意大利民法典、我国民国民法典中都规定有监护制度。在民事立法中,多数将其规定在婚姻家庭制度中,也有的将其规定在民事主体制度中。我国《民法通则》在民事主体的自然人中规定了监护制度,新近颁布的《民法总则》继承了这种做法。在我国民法典的编纂中,监护制度应当而且完全可以容纳亲权制度。在新的历史条件下,我国监护制度尚存在被监护人未被完全覆盖、监护人缺位、监护人顺序仅由法律直接规定和缺少监护监督等不足,应当坚持统一监护的立法体例,从科学规定监护人的资格和条件、厘定监护制度的类型、增加禁治产制度和建立监护监督机制等方面完善我国监护制度。
[Abstract]:Guardianship system is an old and vital system. Roman Law, French Civil Code, German Civil Code, Italian Civil Code, and Civil Code of our country all have guardianship system. In civil legislation, most of them are stipulated in the system of marriage and family, and others in the system of civil subject. China's General principles of Civil Law prescribe the guardianship system among natural persons of civil subjects, which is inherited by the recently promulgated General principles of Civil Law. In the compilation of our civil code, the guardianship system should and can fully accommodate the parental power system. Under the new historical conditions, the guardianship system of our country still has some shortcomings, such as the guardianship is not completely covered, the guardian is absent, the order of guardianship is only regulated directly by law and the supervision of guardianship is lacking, so the legislative style of unified guardianship should be adhered to. The guardianship system of our country is improved from the aspects of scientific regulation of the qualification and conditions of guardianship, determination of the types of guardianship system, addition of birth ban system and establishment of guardianship supervision mechanism.
【作者单位】：河南大学环境与民商法研究所;
【基金】：河南省哲学社会科学规划项目“农村留守妇女、儿童和老人合法权益保障问题研究”(项目编号:2016BFX007)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：D923

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