虚构角色商品化权法律保护研究

发布时间：2019-05-09 02:48

【摘要】：虚构角色商品化权是将虚构的角色形象付诸商业性使用的权益,即将文学作品、卡通作品、视听作品中知名角色形象的名称、图像、姿态等特征形象因素进行商业化使用,而创造商业价值的权利。在市场竞争日益激烈、文化产业迅速发展的今天,市场上出现大量虚构角色形象的衍生商品,虚构角色商品化权作为商品化权的一个类型,变得愈来愈重要。由于我国法律尚未明文规定商品化权,因此,对虚构角色商品化权的法律保护保护研究尤为重要。本文将从商品化权的历史沿革入手,从美国隐私权、形象权到日本的商业形象权的权利演进,使商品化权应运而生,从而产生虚构角色商品化权这一类型。深入探究虚构角色商品化权的基本理论,为构建法律保护模式奠定理论基础。通过对虚构角色形象保护较完善的几个国家的法律保护研究,为我国虚构角色商品化权在理论研究与司法实践中提供重要的借鉴作用。从而进一步分析我国虚构角色商品化权法律关系要素,及我国司法实践的保护现状。通过对国外法律保护模式的借鉴,以期待完善我国虚构角色商品化权的法律保护模式。本文分为五大部分:第一部分,商品化权最早起源于美国的隐私权、形象权,后由日本的商业形象权演变而来。本章首先阐述美国隐私权的产生,通过其对自然人形象价值保护的不足,萌生形象权。美国理论研究和司法实践,使形象权经历了扩张性的发展阶段。由于日本对漫画等虚构角色形象保护的迫切需求,日本将形象权扩展到对作品中虚构角色形象的保护,从而商品化权应运而生。通过对商品化权类型的界定,本文着重分析商品化权类型之一虚构角色商品化权。第二部分,通过对虚构角色商品化权概念的阐述,分析虚构角色商品化权的权利属性及权利分类,从而为构建法律保护模式奠定理论基础。第三部分,通过分析美国、日本、英国、德国对虚构角色商品化权立法及司法实践的保护模式,为完善我国法律保护模式起到借鉴作用。第四部分,分析虚构角色商品化权的权利主体及主体认定、权利客体、权利内容。从而明确虚构角色商品化权的权利归属。第五部分,分析我国现行法律《民法通则》、《专利法》、《著作权法》、《商标法》和《反不正当竞争法》对虚构角色商品化权保护的现状,揭示采用现行法律保护的缺陷及完善措施。提倡采用综合保护模式,通过现行法律之间相互协调、相互补充,构建对虚构角色商品化权保护的最佳模式。
[Abstract]:The right to commercialize the fictional character is the right to put the fictional character image into commercial use, that is, the commercial use of the name, image, posture and other characteristics of the famous character image in literary works, cartoon works, audio-visual works, etc. And the right to create commercial value. With the increasingly fierce competition in the market and the rapid development of the cultural industry, a large number of derivative commodities of fictional characters have emerged in the market. As a type of commercialization rights, the commercialization rights of fictional characters have become more and more important. Since the right of commercialization has not been explicitly stipulated in the law of our country, it is very important to study the legal protection of the right to commercialize the fictional role. This article will start with the historical evolution of the right to commercialize, from the right to privacy in the United States, the right to image to the right of commercial image in Japan, so that the right to commercialization emerges as the times require, thus producing the type of the right of commercialization of fictional role. In-depth exploration of the basic theory of the right to commercialize the fictional role lays a theoretical foundation for the construction of the legal protection model. Through the research on the legal protection of several countries in which the image protection of fictional role is perfect, this paper provides an important reference for the theoretical research and judicial practice of the commercialization right of fictional role in our country. Therefore, this paper further analyzes the elements of the legal relationship of the right to commercialize the fictional role in China, and the protection status of the judicial practice in our country. Through the reference of the foreign legal protection mode, we hope to perfect the legal protection mode of the fictitious role commercialization right in our country. This paper is divided into five parts: the first part, the right of commercialization originated from the right of privacy, the right of image in the United States, and then evolved from the right of commercial image in Japan. This chapter first expounds the emergence of the right to privacy in the United States, through its lack of protection of the value of the natural person image, the emergence of the right of image. American theoretical research and judicial practice have made the right of image go through the stage of expansionary development. Due to Japan's urgent demand for the protection of fictional characters such as cartoons, Japan extends the right of image to the protection of fictional characters in the works, thus the right to commercialization emerges as the times require. By defining the types of commercialization rights, this paper focuses on the analysis of one of the types of commercialization rights, the fictitious role of the commercialization rights. The second part, through the elaboration of the concept of the fictitious role commercialization right, analyzes the right attribute and the right classification of the fictitious role commercialization right, so as to lay a theoretical foundation for the construction of the legal protection mode. The third part, through the analysis of the United States, Japan, Britain, Germany on the fictitious role of the commercialization of the right to legislation and judicial practice of the protection model, for the improvement of our legal protection model play a role in reference. In the fourth part, the author analyzes the subject and subject, object and content of the right to commercialize the fictional role. In order to clarify the ownership of the right to commercialization of fictional roles. The fifth part analyzes the current situation of the protection of the right to commercialization of fictional roles under the current laws of our country, the General principles of Civil Law, the Patent Law, the copyright Law, the Trademark Law and the Anti-unfair Competition Law. This paper reveals the defects and perfect measures of adopting the current legal protection. It is advocated to adopt the comprehensive protection mode and to construct the best protection mode for the commercial right of fictitious role by coordinating and complementing the existing laws.
【学位授予单位】：北京外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D923

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