我国担保物权的实现机制研究

发布时间：2019-06-24 14:11

【摘要】：随着经济的发展,人们的维权意识也越来越强,越来越多的债权人通过向法院起诉来得以实现,而诉讼程序一般耗时长、效率低,从而给债权人造成了讼累,以往通过诉讼、执行来保护债权人的合法权益已经满足不了社会的需求,实现担保物权的特别程序便应势而生,担保物权的实现随着新民诉法的出台再次成为了学者讨论的热门话题,2012年我国对《民事诉讼法》进行了很大程度上的修改,其中新《民事诉讼法》在第15章特别程序中加了一个众望所归的新的非诉程序：实现担保物权特别程序。使得以往在《物权法》、《担保法》实体法中规定的担保物权实现制度有了程序法上的保障,这样,对担保物权的实现条件、实现途径、实现程序等作出规定,实现了实体法和程序法的衔接,基本构成了担保物权实现制度的框架,而且2015年最高人民法院发布了关于适用《民事诉讼法》的司法解释,针对实现担保物权程序的出了新的司法解释,解决了一些前期理论界、实务界一直在讨论的各种问题,笔者打算将《担保法》、《物权法》与新《民事诉讼法》及其司法解释等有关实现担保物权案件的条款进行深度解读,从实体法和程序法结合起来考虑、分析。看似实现担保物权制度已经完备,但是在实务中还是出现许多让人措手不及的问题存在,比如：哪些人可以作为申请主体请求法院拍卖、变卖；新《民事诉讼法》第196条是否仅仅适用于抵押权,包不包括职权和留置权；法院对于受理后审查的问题等等。笔者写此文主要拟解决两个问题：1、担保物权实现制度在实务中所遇到的困难以及解决之法：2、担保物权实现制度的发展趋势及完善。在本文中,笔者也对各国实现担保物权的法律制度加以分析,向域外实现担保物权先进制度学习,寻求我国担保物权实现制度的发展方向。本文中笔者主要从担保物权实现的私力救济途径和公力救济途径这两个角度阐述,私力救济途径主要包括协商和自助这两种,公力救济途径主要是通过法院作出判决或裁定,这两种方式在我国《物权法》等实体法中都有规定,笔者将进行逐一分析,笔者阅历尚浅,能力不够,文中仍存有不足之处,不敢说能将担保物权实现制度解说详尽,只为尽一己绵薄之力。
[Abstract]:With the development of economy, people's awareness of human rights is becoming more and more strong, and more and more creditors can be realized by bringing a lawsuit to the court, and the litigation procedure is generally time-consuming and low in efficiency, thus causing a lawsuit to the creditor, which has passed the lawsuit in the past, The implementation of the special procedures for protecting the legitimate rights and interests of the creditors has not met the needs of the society, and the special procedures for realizing the security right of the secured creditor should be born. The realization of the security right is a hot topic for scholars to discuss with the introduction of the new civil procedure law. In 2012, China has made a great deal of changes to the Code of Civil Procedure, in which the new Code of Civil Procedure has added a new non-prosecution procedure to the special procedures of Chapter 15: Special procedures for the realization of security interests. In the past, the system of the realization of the security right of real right stipulated in the Property Law>, the Guarantee Law> the substantive law has the guarantee of the procedural law. In this way, the realization conditions, the realization way, the realization procedure and so on of the security right are regulated, and the connection between the substantive law and the procedural law is realized. In addition, the Supreme People's Court of 2015 issued a judicial interpretation on the application of the Code of Civil Procedure, and made a new judicial interpretation for the realization of the security right procedure. The author intends to make a deep interpretation of the articles on the realization of the security right cases, such as the Guarantee Law>, the Property Law> and the New and the judicial explanation, and consider and analyze the article from the combination of the substantive law and the procedural law. It appears that the system of real right of security is complete, but there are many problems that are not caught in practice in practice, such as: who can request the court to be auctioned or sold as an application subject; whether the new Code of Civil Procedure> Article 196 is applicable only to the right of mortgage, The package does not include powers and liens; the court's questions about the post-acceptance review, and so on. The author writes this article mainly to solve two problems:1, the difficulty in the practice of the security right realization system and the method of solution:2. The development trend and perfection of the security right realization system. In this paper, the author also analyzes the legal system to realize the security right of the security right, to study the advanced system of the security right in the outside world, and to seek the development direction of the security right realization system in our country. In this paper, the author states that the way of private power relief mainly includes both the negotiation and the self-service. The way of the public-power relief is mainly through the court's decision or ruling. The two methods are stipulated in the substantive law of China's" real right law ", and the author will carry out a case-by-case analysis. The author's experience is shallow and the ability is not enough. The article still has some shortcomings. The author does not dare to say that the system of the security right can be explained in detail, so as to make every effort.
【学位授予单位】：扬州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D923.2

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