营业受托人忠实义务的法律规制

发布时间：2018-03-17 09:22

本文选题：营业信托　切入点：受托人　出处：《宁波大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：对营业受托人忠实义务进行研究，是有利于信托实质功能的发挥，如其理财、融资功能、深化投资者的信托理财意识。本文将以区别于当前大多学者针对现信托法律制度从民商法角度进行分析，从法经济学以及经济法角度对营业受托人忠实义务进行研究。主要内容分为如下四个部分：文章第一部分为营业受托人忠实义务的法理分析：（1）对营业受托人忠实义务的法经济学分析，，分别从经济人假设、交易成本、经济效率三个方面进行阐述，认为赋予受托人忠实义务是一种有效率的安排，能够在一定程度上解决了外部效应以及信息不对称的问题；（2）对营业受托人忠实义务进行经济法分析，分别从金融消费者理论、经济效益原则、经济公平原则等三个经济法角度进行分析，对营业受托人作出合理的限制或赋予特殊义务，这能使金融消费者能与金融机构适度抗衡，实现实质上的平等。第二部分阐述营业受托人忠实义务的制度现状：（1）营业受托人忠实义务的直接性规定，分为为受益人利益的一般性规定、消极性行为的规定及其例外规定、责任规定四个部分，我国现行信托法律体系中并不缺少对营业受托人忠实义务为受益人最大利益处理信托事务的规定，在不同法律效力层面上对受托人忠实义务进行了多次的重申；（2）营业受托人忠实义务的间接性体现，主要表现为信息披露，对关乎营业受托人忠实义务如关联交易方面的信息披露做出了较为详细的规定；（3）我国营业受托人忠实义务的制度缺陷，主要为营业受托人忠实义务规范体系笼统分散、责任体系不完善、信息披露制度不健全、激励机制缺乏。第三部分内容为营业受托人忠实义务基本制度之完善。营业受托人作为专业性金融机构，视其忠实义务的规定为国家干预经济、保护弱势地位的金融投资者较为妥善。（1）对营业受托人忠实义务做出原则性规定，可以在《信托法》中将忠实义务做如下规定：受托人应当遵守信托文件的规定，为受益人的最大利益处理信托事务；忠于信托，避免厉害冲突，禁止利用信托谋私利，禁止将信托财产转化为固有财产，禁止同业竞争；（2）营业受托人忠实义务消极性行为之细化，主要为禁止营业受托人利用信托谋利的细化、禁止自我交易规则的细化、禁止关联交易行为的具体化规定、禁止竞业行为的补充规定；（3）法律责任的明确，分别从民事、行政、刑事责任以及诉讼中的证明责任加以明确。第四部分内容为营业受托人忠实义务配套制度之完善：（1）信息披露制度之完善，鉴于信息披露制度在营业受托人忠实义务规制方面的价值体现，结合其他国家或地区的相关立法有必要在信息披露范围、披露程度、披露方式等方面完善信息披露制度；（2）源于信用评级在营业受托人忠实义务规制方面的不可替代作用，尤其是激励作用、便于监管，而现实中极度不规范，甚或缺失，有必要在评级指标、评级模式等方面完善信用评级制度。
[Abstract]:Study on the business trustee duty of loyalty, is conducive to the essence of trust function, such as financial management, financing function, deepen investor trust financial awareness. This will be different from the most scholars for the trust legal system from civil law perspective, to study the business trustee duty of loyalty from law and economics and economy law point of view. The main content is divided into four parts as follows:
The first part of the legal business of trustee fiduciary duty: (1) economic analysis of law on business trustee's duty of loyalty from the economic man assumption, transaction cost, economic efficiency three aspects are expounded, that give the trustee fiduciary duty is a kind of efficient arrangement, to a certain extent to solve the external effect and the problem of asymmetric information; (2) economic analysis of business trustee fiduciary duty, separately from the financial consumer theory, the principle of economic benefit, analysis of economic fairness principles three the perspective of economic law, make reasonable restrictions on the business trustees or give special obligations, which can make the financial consumers moderately compete with financial institutions to achieve substantive equality.
The second part describes the status of business trustee fiduciary duty system: (1) direct sales regulations trustee's duty of loyalty is divided into general provisions for the beneficiary, the provisions of sexual behavior and negative exceptions, the liability of four parts, the existing trust legal system in China is not the lack of business trustee loyal obligations for the best interests of the beneficiaries of the handling of trust affairs provisions in different legal effect level of trustee fiduciary duty were repeatedly reiterated; (2) indirect business trustee's duty of loyalty reflected, mainly for the information disclosure, in relation to the business trustee fiduciary duty as related transactions in terms of information disclosure provisions more detailed; (3) the system defects of our business trustee's duty of loyalty to the main business of trustee fiduciary duty standard system of general decentralized responsibility system is not perfect, The information disclosure system is not sound and the incentive mechanism is lacking.
The third part is the perfection of business trustee fiduciary duty. The basic regulations of the business trustees as a professional financial institutions, according to the provisions of the obligation of fidelity for the state intervention in the economy, protect the weak position of the financial investors more appropriate. (1) make principled regulations on business fiduciary duty of loyalty, you can make the following provisions in < the duty of loyalty: Trust Law > the trustee shall abide by the provisions of the trust documents and handle the trust affairs for the best interests of the beneficiary; loyal to the trust, to avoid conflict of interests, prohibit the use of trust for private interests, prohibit the trust property into the inherent property, prohibition of competition; (2) refining business trustee fiduciary duty negative behavior. The main business, to prohibit the trustee trust profit by thinning, thinning from self trading rules, specific provisions prohibiting related transactions, the prohibition of competition behavior Supplementary provisions; (3) clear legal liability, respectively, from civil, administrative, criminal responsibility and the burden of proof in the litigation.
The fourth part is the perfection of business trustee fiduciary duty system: (1) the improvement of information disclosure system, in view of the information disclosure system in the regulation of business trustee obligations faithfully reflect the value, combined with the relevant legislation in other countries or regions is necessary in the scope of disclosure, information disclosure, information disclosure system to improve disclosure; (2) from the credit rating in the regulation of business trustee duty of loyalty are irreplaceable, especially the incentive effect, to facilitate supervision, but in reality is extremely irregular, or even missing, it is necessary to improve the credit rating index, rating system rating models.

【学位授予单位】：宁波大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.282

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