城市社区自治结构法律问题研究

发布时间：2018-03-18 17:41

本文选题：城市社区自治模式　切入点：业主自治　出处：《首都经济贸易大学》2010年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 城市社区自治是从私法自治中衍生出来、借鉴公法自治模式产生的一种新类型的特殊自治。城市社区自治在某种程度上借鉴了国家管理的模式,以建筑物区分所有权为理论基础将业主对于房屋的所有权和管理权进行分离。随着社会的发展,私法领域也开始借鉴公法中的管理模式,例如公司的股东大会、董事会、监事会即借鉴国家立法权、行政权、司法权分立的模式设立,卢梭的“社会契约论”同样也适用小规模的社会群体的管理,我在本文中对于城市社区自治结构的讨论也正是以借鉴这种理论和模式为基础。近年来,城市社区自治在实践中显现出来的问题日益突出,业主自治纠纷呈逐年上升趋势,严重影响了社会的安定。我认为,立法上的缺失、行政管理的缺位、以及业主民主参与意识的淡漠是引发社区自治纠纷的主要原因。为此,加强立法,建立有效的法律救济手段并改变行政管理模式,在提高业主的自治能力和参与意识的基础上引入居民委员会的基层民主领导,才是预防和解决这类纠纷的有效措施,这也正是本文研究的现实意义所在。本文拟从经济法的基本原理出发,通过民商法以及行政法相关的法律作为背景进行分析和探讨,最后提出完善城市社区自治的法律建议。首先,文章第一章介绍了社区自治的基本概念及理论基础,从宏观的层面上对城市社区治理的现状进行概括性描述,通过现实存在的各种矛盾为下文社区自治中的法律关系的阐述提供铺垫。第二章,介绍了以美国、日本、新加坡为代表的国外典型社区治理模式。第三章,对我国城市社区治理情况进行了系统的梳理分析。该部分指出了现阶段社区治理中存在的问题,结合前两章的基本知识对我国社区治理中遇到的困难进行了逐一的分析,从而论证我国在立法中、实践中对业主自治模式进行规制的必要性。第四章主要针对第三章所反映的具体问题提出了以业主为权利主体的社区有限自治制度。希望通过本题的完成能明确城市社区自治的概念及相应的法律关系,规范城市社区治理在实践中的运作,通过对法律制度完善和以居民委员会为基础的“有限自治”模式的提出更好的协调社区的矛盾、保护业主的权利,促进以社区自治为基础的基层民主更规范、有效的发展。
[Abstract]:Urban community autonomy is a new type of special autonomy derived from private law autonomy and drawing lessons from the model of public law autonomy. To some extent, urban community autonomy draws lessons from the mode of state management. With the development of society, the field of private law begins to learn from the management mode of public law, such as the shareholders' meeting of the company, the board of directors. The board of supervisors was set up by drawing lessons from the separation of the legislative, executive and judicial powers of the state. Rousseau's "social contract theory" also applies to the management of small social groups. In this paper, I discuss the structure of urban community autonomy is based on this theory and model. In recent years, the problems of urban community autonomy have become more and more prominent in practice, and the disputes of owners' autonomy have been rising year by year, which has seriously affected the social stability. And the indifference of owners' democratic participation consciousness is the main reason of causing community autonomy disputes. Therefore, we should strengthen legislation, establish effective legal remedies and change the administrative mode. It is an effective measure to prevent and resolve this kind of disputes by introducing the democratic leadership of the residents' committee on the basis of improving the autonomy ability and participation consciousness of the owners, which is also the practical significance of this study. Based on the basic principles of economic law, this paper analyzes and probes into the civil and commercial law and the relevant laws of administrative law as the background, and finally puts forward some legal suggestions to perfect the autonomy of urban community. First of all, the first chapter introduces the basic concept and theoretical basis of community autonomy, and gives a general description of the present situation of urban community governance from the macro level. In the second chapter, the author introduces the typical foreign community governance model, which is represented by the United States, Japan and Singapore. This part points out the problems existing in community governance at the present stage, and analyzes the difficulties encountered in community governance one by one, combining with the basic knowledge in the first two chapters. In order to demonstrate the necessity of regulating the owner autonomy model in legislation and practice in our country. Chapter 4th mainly puts forward the community limited autonomy system with owner as the subject of right in view of the specific problems reflected in the third chapter. It is hoped that through the completion of this topic, the concept of urban community autonomy and the corresponding legal relations can be clarified, and the operation of urban community governance in practice can be standardized. By perfecting the legal system and putting forward the mode of "limited autonomy" based on the residents' committee, we can better coordinate the contradictions of the community, protect the rights of the owners, and promote a more standardized and effective development of grass-roots democracy based on community autonomy.
【学位授予单位】：首都经济贸易大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D922.29

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