不动产登记法律责任制度的研究

发布时间：2018-03-24 11:46

本文选题：不动产登记法律责任　切入点：赔偿责任　出处：《吉林大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：一直以来，我国不动产登记的法律责任制度在行政法领域很少受到关注，相关法律条文也大多散见在物权法中或者其他民事法律规定当中，在行政法的领域内，在《不动产登记暂行条例》实施以前，关于我国不动产登记的法律责任并没有一部统一的法律规范予以规定。在理论界，讨论最多的就是不动产登记错误的赔偿责任问题，但是，这些研究大多都是从民商法的角度进行讨论。不动产登记法律责任，作为我国行政法领域的重要问题，却没有受到像在民商法领域那样的重视，正如我国学者对行政法律责任的描述“行政法的责任问题是当下我国行政法学研究中较为薄弱的一环。在缺乏行政责任的有效创制与实现的情景之下,行政法的繁荣表象下其实潜藏着某种坍塌的危险。没有有效约束行政主体及其活动的责任机制,行政法治乃至国家法治的实现终将沦为无法兑现的空头支票。”1然而，我国不动产登记法律责任制度是薄弱环节中最关键的一部分，因此是行政法中一个重要的问题。本文将从行政法的视角下来研究我国不动产登记法律责任制度，主要分为三个部分：第一部分，是关于我国不动产登记法律责任制度的概述。第一，阐述了我国不动产登记法律责任的概念和特征。不动产登记的法律责任制度的概念是，在不动产登记活动过程中，相关责任主体依法所承担的不利的法律后果的一系列法律责任制度。相关的责任主体包括不动产登记机关及其工作人员和不动产登记的相对人。关于行政法律责任的概念，学界有“行政职责论”、“平衡论”、“控权论”和“管理论”四种学说。本文通过分别讨论这四种学说来阐述我国不动产登记法律责任的概念。根据我国关于不动产登记法律责任制度的法律规范，包括《土地登记办法》、《房产登记法》、《不动产登记暂行条例》、《土地管理法》和《物权法》等，总结了不动产登记法律责任制度的特征，主要有四个特征：其一，不动产登记法律责任的主体是不动产登记机关及其工作人员和不动产登记相对人。其二，不动产登记法律责任产生的原因是责任主体的违法行为。其三，不动产登记法律责任的内容有民事责任、行政责任和刑事责任。其四，，不动产登记法律责任有多种责任承担的形式。第二，分析了我国不动产登记法律责任的性质。关于不动产登记法律责任主要有“民事责任说”、“国家赔偿责任说”、“双重责任说”和“行政法律责任说”四种不同的学说，本文的观点是“行政法律责任说”，从不动产登记法律责任的法律责任的法律规范,、行政登记行为、救济行为、责任认定行为和责任承担行为五个部分的动态逻辑结构分析，得出我国不动产登记法律责任性质是行政法律责任。第三，阐述了我国不动产登记法律责任制度与相关制度的关系。即不动产登记法律责任与国家赔偿责任、行政赔偿责任以及损害赔偿责任的关系。第二部分，是我国不动产登记法律责任制度的缺陷。综合我国法律规定和各种理论学说，我国不动产登记主要有六个制度缺陷：一是不动产登记法律责任的性质不明确；二是不动产登记法律责任的归责原则不明确；三是不动产登记法律责任的构成要件不明确；四是不动产登记法律责任中行政登记机关的审查模式不明确；五是不动产登记法律责任的范围不明确；六是不动产登记法律责任的分散风险机制的缺失。第三部分，是我国不动产登记法律责任制度的完善建议。本文提出来六点建议：一是明确我国不动产登记的审查模式；二是明确我国不动产登记法律责任的赔偿责任范围；三是明确我国不动产登记法律责任的归责原则；四是建立不动产登记法律责任风险分散机制；五是明确不动产登记机关工作人员的责任；六是明确我国不动产登记法律责任中赔偿责任的构成要件。
[Abstract]:All along, China's real estate registration system of legal liability have received little attention in the field of administrative law, the relevant legal provisions are scattered in property law or other provisions of the civil law, administrative law in the field, in the "Provisional Regulations on real estate registration > before the implementation of China's real legal liability property registration and no uniform law stipulate. In theory, discussed the most is the real estate registration liability issues, but wrong, most of these studies are from the perspective of civil law. The discussion of real estate registration legal responsibility, as an important problem in the field of China's administrative law that has not been like in the field of civil and commercial law such as attention, Chinese scholars on the administrative legal responsibility description problems of responsibility of administrative law is a relatively weak link of Chinese administrative law. In the absence of line Under the political responsibility of effective creation and implementation of the administrative law of the scene, the appearance of prosperity in a hidden danger of collapse. There is no effective constraint responsibility mechanism of the administrative subject and its activities, the realization of the rule of administrative law and the country will eventually become unable to meet the lip-service. "1 however, China's real estate registration system of legal liability is the most critical part of the weak link, therefore is an important issue in administrative law.
This article will study the legal liability system of real estate registration in China from the perspective of administrative law, which is divided into three parts.
The first part is an overview of the legal liability system for the registration of real estate in China.
First, elaborated on China's real estate registration legal responsibility. The concept and characteristics of real estate registration system of legal liability is the concept, in the real estate registration process, adverse legal consequences shall be borne by the responsible body of a series of legal liability system. The main responsibility of the real estate the registration authority and its staff and real estate registration. The relative concepts of administrative legal liability, scholars have "administrative responsibility theory", "balance theory", "power control theory" and "management theory" four kinds of theories. This paper discusses the four theories to explain China's real concept registration of legal responsibility. According to China's laws and regulations on real estate registration system of legal liability, including land registration < >, < < > the property registration law, Provisional Regulations on real estate registration "," land management law "and" property law ", summed up the real estate The characteristics of the registration of the legal liability system, there are four main features: first, real estate registration is the legal responsibility of the real estate registration office and its staff and real estate registration relative person. Second, the real estate registration legal liability is the cause for the main responsibility for the illegal. Third, real property registration content of legal liability of civil liability, administrative liability and criminal liability. Fourth, the real estate registration legal responsibility has many responsibilities.
Second, analysis of China's nature of real estate registration legal liability. On the real estate registration law is the main responsibility of "civil liability", "national compensation", "double duty" and "administrative legal liability" four different theories, this view is "administrative legal responsibility said" legal norms, legal liability from the real estate registration of legal liability, administrative registration, relief, liability analysis of dynamic logic structure of the five parts of the behavior and assume responsibility, the nature of real estate registration in China is the legal responsibility of administrative legal responsibility.
Third, it expounds the relationship between the legal liability system of real estate registration in China and the related systems, namely the relationship between the legal liability of real estate registration and the state compensation liability, the administrative compensation liability and the liability for damage compensation.
The second part is our country real estate registration defects of the legal liability system. Comprehensive laws and regulations of our country and various theories, China's real estate registration system mainly has six defects: one is the nature of real estate registration legal responsibility is not clear; the two is the real estate registration imputation principle of legal liability is not clear; three is the real estate registration elements of legal liability is not clear; the four is the real estate registration mode of administrative legal responsibility in the examination and registration authority is not clear; the five is not the scope of real estate registration legal responsibility is not clear; the six is the real estate risk diversification mechanism lack of registration of legal responsibility.
The third part is our country real estate registration legal system recommendations. This paper put forward six suggestions: one is to clear our country real estate registration review mode; two is clear of China's real estate registration scope of liability of legal responsibility; three is to clear our country real estate board imputation remember the principle of legal liability; the four is the establishment of real estate registration legal liability risk dispersion mechanism; five is to clear the real estate registration office staff responsible; six is clear of China's real estate registration elements of legal liability of compensation liability.

【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D923.2

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