海事赔偿责任限制的法律冲突及其准据法

发布时间：2018-04-06 05:20

本文选题：海事赔偿责任限制　切入点：法律冲突　出处：《大连海事大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：海事赔偿责任限制制度是一项非常重要的海事法律制度,它对促进运输业的发展具有重要的作用。它是海商法特有的一项法律制度,最初仅仅是为了保护船舶所有人的利益而产生,但由于责任人的不断多样化,渐渐地船舶经营人、承租人、救助人等也被纳入了受保护的范围。这一制度的存在对各国海运业及国际海上运输的稳步发展起到了一定的积极作用。经过多年的发展与完善,这项制度已经日臻成熟。但由于各国立法不同,且各国海事国际私法规范并不统一,导致了具体案件发生时,法官不得不面对着法律适用的问题。因此,在涉外海事赔偿责任限制法律关系中就需要进行法律选择,以确定所应适用的法律。国际社会关于海事赔偿责任限制的法律适用主要有适用法院地法、适用侵权行为地法、适用船旗国法、适用最密切联系原则几种立法模式。针对上述问题,本文意图对海事赔偿责任限制的法律适用问题进行立法和司法层面的比较研究,以期对我国相关立法和司法提出建议。本文旨在对海事赔偿责任限制这一独特的法律制度进行较为深入的研究,以引起学术界对这个课题的重视,为海事审判实务提供理论参考。本文将分为三个论述重点,第一是对国际公约及各国立法相关规定进行梳理、分析法律冲突主要表现；第二是对着重论述海事赔偿责任限制法律冲突的解决方法,引入了学界两种学说单一论和分割论；第三是对国内外相关完善建议的归纳总结,文章最后得出结论。笔者认为,在海事赔偿责任限制法律适用问题上,“分割制”更能体现司法的公平,增加法律适用的确定性,更有利于海运事业的发展,同时也顺应了国际潮流。因此提出建议,我国法律应把海事赔偿责任限制中的诸多法律问题分割,按其性质分别适用与其有最密切联系的国家的法律。
[Abstract]:The limitation system of maritime claim liability is a very important maritime legal system, which plays an important role in promoting the development of transportation industry.It is a unique legal system of maritime law, originally only to protect the interests of ship owners, but due to the continuous diversification of the responsible persons, gradually ship operators, charterers,Rescuers and others are also included in the scope of protection.The existence of this system has played a positive role in the steady development of shipping industry and international maritime transport.After years of development and improvement, this system has become more and more mature.However, due to the different legislations of different countries and the fact that the norms of maritime private international law are not uniform, the judges have to face the problem of the application of the law when the specific cases occur.Therefore, in the legal relationship of limitation of liability for maritime claims concerning foreign affairs, it is necessary to make a choice of law in order to determine the applicable law.The application of international law on limitation of liability for maritime claims mainly includes the application of the law of forum, the law of tort, the law of flag country, and the principle of closest connection.In view of the above problems, this paper intends to make a comparative study on the legal application of the limitation of liability for maritime claims at the legislative and judicial levels, with a view to putting forward some suggestions on the relevant legislation and judicature in China.The purpose of this paper is to make a deep study of the unique legal system of limitation of liability for maritime claims in order to arouse the academic attention to this subject and to provide a theoretical reference for the practice of maritime trial.This article will be divided into three emphases: the first is to sort out the international conventions and the relevant provisions of national legislation, to analyze the main manifestations of the conflict of laws, and the second is to focus on the solution of the conflict of law, which focuses on the limitation of liability for maritime claims.This paper introduces two theories of monism and division. The third part summarizes the relevant suggestions at home and abroad, and finally draws a conclusion.The author believes that, on the issue of the legal application of limitation of liability for maritime claims, the "division system" can better reflect the fairness of the administration of justice, increase the certainty of the application of the law, be more conducive to the development of the maritime transportation industry, and conform to the international trend at the same time.Therefore, it is suggested that the law of our country should separate many legal issues in the limitation of liability for maritime claims and apply the laws of the countries with the closest connection according to their nature.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D996.19

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