《运输法公约草案》下承运人责任形式问题研究

发布时间：2018-04-11 12:26

本文选题：多式联运 + 承运人责任形式　；参考：《大连海事大学》2008年硕士论文

【摘要】： 随着集装箱运输的迅猛发展和物流经济的勃兴,国际货物多式联运在经济全球化过程中的作用愈发重要。国际货物多式联运自诞生以来,一直呼唤着法律上的国际统一。然而,由于各种运输方式受制于装备水平、风险程度乃至地缘政治等因素,所适用的国际规则和国内立法在制度上也存在显著差异,尤其在承运人责任方面的法律冲突表现的尤为突出。虽然联合国、国际商会等国际组织在此方面已积极探索,但迄今为止仍未能形成一部具有法律效力的国际货物多式联运公约,极大地制约了国际多式联运业的发展。本文从海商法和多式联运法律的基本理论出发,以历史分析的方法探寻《运输法公约草案》(以下简称草案)下承运人责任形式的立法沿革和精神Qg核,同时借鉴法经济学的相关理论和观点,立足最新立法成果,详加研讨和批判。由于草案已明确将承运人的责任区间从海运领域的“港到港”延伸至“门到门”,并规定了海运前后的承运人责任问题,以及未定域货物责任问题,实际上,草案中的运输合同已经成为包含国际海运在内的国际货物运输合同,因而草案下的承运人业已演变成为多式联运经营人,通过比较现有多式联运经营人责任形式的诸多渊源,本文将草案下承运人责任形式认定为最小的网状责任制,并据此提出了多式联运经营人责任形式的三层次理论。此外,为进一步加深对承运人责任形式内涵的阐释,本文还着力研究了几个与之密切相关的法律问题:草案包含的运输类型、草案与其他国际单式运输公约和国内法的关系以及海运履约方制度之设计对承运人责任形式的影响。并对草案制度上存在的一些不足之处提出了个人见解。最后,本文还提出我国多式联运经营人责任形式的初步法律框架。希望能对国际以及我国货物多式联运法律的研究和发展有所助益。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of container transportation and the prosperity of logistics economy, international multimodal transport of goods plays an increasingly important role in the process of economic globalization.International multimodal transport of goods has been calling for international unification since its birth.However, due to the fact that various modes of transport are subject to such factors as the level of equipment, the degree of risk and even geopolitical factors, the applicable international rules and domestic legislation also differ significantly in terms of institutions.Especially in the carrier liability conflict of law performance is particularly prominent.Although international organizations, such as the United Nations and the International Chamber of Commerce, have actively explored this aspect, up to now, it has not been able to form a legally effective convention on international multimodal transport of goods, which has greatly restricted the development of international multimodal transport industry.Based on the basic theory of maritime law and multimodal transport law, this paper explores the legislative evolution and spirit QG core of carrier's liability form under the draft Convention on Transport Law (hereinafter referred to as "draft") through historical analysis.At the same time, draw lessons from the relevant theories and views of law and economics, based on the latest legislative results, detailed discussion and criticism.Since the draft has explicitly extended the carrier's liability zone from "port to port" in the field of maritime transport to "door-to-door", and has provided for the question of carrier's liability before and after maritime transport, as well as the question of liability for unsettled goods, in practice,The contract of carriage in the draft has become an international contract for the carriage of goods, including international maritime transport, so that the carrier under the draft has evolved into a multimodal transport operator, by comparing the many sources of responsibility of the existing multimodal transport operator,In this paper, the carrier's liability form under the draft is regarded as the smallest network responsibility system, and the three-level theory of multimodal transport operator's liability form is put forward.In addition, in order to further explain the form of carrier liability, this paper also focuses on several closely related legal issues: the type of transport included in the draft.The relationship between the draft and other international single-mode transport conventions and domestic law and the influence of the design of maritime performing party system on the carrier's form of liability.At the same time, the author puts forward some personal opinions on the deficiencies of the draft system.Finally, this article also proposed our country multimodal transport operator responsibility form preliminary legal frame.It is hoped that it will be helpful to the research and development of international and Chinese law of multimodal transport of goods.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：D996

【引证文献】