2000年以来北京城市功能格局与去工业化进程

发布时间：2018-04-11 13:26

本文选题：全球城市 + 城市功能　；参考：《城市规划学刊》2008年03期

【摘要】：20世纪以来,西方发达国家和地区的城市"去工业化"以及与信息产业相关的新兴产业的崛起深刻地影响着城市结构。在国内,经济发达地区的大城市,特别是特大城市甚至是全球城市,在城市发展和战略制定中,也正突出表现着"去工业化"态势。依据2005年的1%人口调查数据与北京18个区县、20个就业行业门类数据,通过区位商法、集中度系数等判断当前北京的城市功能格局,并根据五普就业结构等数据,分析北京的功能转型特征,以及北京去工业化进程特征。其基本的结论包括:①在所有的就业行业门类中,制造业在北京仍然最高,城市功能格局属于"同心圆结构"圈层空间模式:②2000年以来.北京城市功能去工业化态势显著,高级服务业发展迅速:第一产业和制造业就业比重锐减,FIRE(金融保险业、房地产业)以及文化创意相关的"科教文卫体"有较快的增长。北京开始向"创意城市"、"后工业城市"等迈进;③在去工业化进程中,北京城市功能格局开始呈现分散化和相对均衡化态势,金融业和房地产业等高级服务业对人口空间增长具有较显著的拉动作用,但外围县区仍持续工业化,总体而言去工业化成为影响城市空间格局的一个重要因素。
[Abstract]:Since the 20th century, the "deindustrialization" of cities in western developed countries and regions and the rise of new industries related to information industry have profoundly affected the urban structure.In China, the big cities in the developed regions, especially the mega-cities and even the global cities, are also showing the trend of "deindustrialization" in the process of urban development and strategy formulation.According to the 1% population survey data of 2005 and the data of 18 districts and counties and 20 employment sectors in Beijing, the current urban functional pattern of Beijing is judged by the location quotient law and concentration coefficient, and the data of the Wupu employment structure are also used.This paper analyzes the characteristics of Beijing's functional transformation and the process of Beijing's deindustrialization.The basic conclusions include that the manufacturing industry is still the highest in Beijing, and the urban functional pattern belongs to the "concentric circular structure" spatial pattern of "concentric circle": since 2000, the manufacturing industry is still the highest in all the categories of employment industry.The trend of deindustrialization of urban function in Beijing is remarkable, and the advanced service industry is developing rapidly: the proportion of employment in primary industry and manufacturing industry has decreased sharply. FIREand the "science, education, culture and health system" related to culture and creativity have increased rapidly.Beijing began to move toward "creative city", "post-industrial city" and so on. In the process of deindustrialization, Beijing's urban function pattern began to show a trend of decentralization and relative equalization.Higher service industries such as finance industry and real estate industry play a significant role in promoting population spatial growth, but the peripheral counties continue to industrialize. In general, deindustrialization has become an important factor affecting the urban spatial pattern.
【作者单位】：清华大学建筑学院;浙江师范大学工商管理学院;东华大学旅游系;
【基金】：国家自然科学重点基金“中国城市化格局、过程及其机理研究”(40435013) 国家自然科学基金“特大城市地区的规划制度与环境研究”(50578088) 北京市哲学社会科学“十一五”规划项目“北京新城建设战略研究”(06BdCS004) 北京市教委学科群规划项目(“北京2049战略”)
【分类号】：TU984.2

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