我国承运人海上货物留置权的法律问题研究

发布时间：2018-04-16 07:01

本文选题：海上货物留置权 + 成立条件　；参考：《广西师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：海上货物留置权,即以在海上运输中所发生的以货物为标的的留置权,是担保物权的一种。一旦货物方不支付有关货物发生的款项,作为债权人的船方即承运人就有权留置货物,确保债务的履行。当前我国的海上货物留置权行使的主要法律依据是《中华人民共和国海商法》的第87条和第88条,而目前我国《海商法》都是从国际公约和国际惯例移植而来,这些公约和惯例是两大法系各国制度长期借鉴和融合的结果。我国的《海商法》还没有建立起完善的海上货物留置权制度,在实践中遇到的一些问题面临着困境。例如,对《海商法》第87条和第88条中个别词语的理解；对我国承运人海上货物留置权成立条件的积极条件中是否需要“标的物为承运人所运输的货物”这一要件以及承运人海上货物留置权的实现方式的利弊分析等。本文试图从航海实践中对于承运人海上货物留置权的法律规定和成立条件以及实现方式等几个方面为问题的切入点,使承运人的海上货物留置权和债务人的权利能够得到平衡,促进航海事业的经济贸易往来。本文在写作的过程当中一直坚持了“从一般到特殊”的写作方法和研究思路,从一般意义上的留置权分析到海上货物留置权,从典型国家的海上货物留置权的立法例分析到我国的海上货物留置权的法律规定。我国承运人的海上货物留置权主要规定在《海商法》的第87条和第88条,这也是本文的主要研究对象。本文并没有采用泛泛介绍的方法,而是在文章的第一章到第四章对海上货物留置权的重点讨论问题进行了研究,对于理论界讨论热烈的留置货物的所有权的归属问题和实现问题有了深入的讨论。笔者在参考了国外和国内的法律规定和著名的法学论著,在此基础上结合我国的航海实践,对我国的海上货物留置权的制度进行了一些思考,提出了对于修改《海商法》第88条的几点建议,希望对我国以后的《海商法》修改和以后的航海实践有所帮助。
[Abstract]:The lien of goods by sea, that is, the lien with the object of goods occurring in maritime transport, is a kind of security interest.Once the goods do not pay the amount incurred in respect of the goods, the carrier, as the creditor, has the right to retain the goods to ensure the performance of the debt.At present, the main legal basis for the exercise of lien on maritime goods in China is articles 87 and 88 of the Maritime Law of the people's Republic of China. At present, the Maritime Law of our country is transplanted from international conventions and international practices.These conventions and practices are the result of the long-term reference and integration of the systems of the two legal systems.China's Maritime Law has not yet established a perfect lien system for marine goods, and some problems encountered in practice are facing difficulties.For example, the understanding of individual terms in articles 87 and 88 of the Maritime Code;In the positive condition of the establishment of the lien of the carrier's goods on the sea in China, the author analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of whether the subject matter is the goods carried by the carrier and the ways of realizing the lien of the carrier's goods on the sea.This paper attempts to balance the carrier's lien on sea cargo and the debtor's right from the aspects of legal provisions, conditions of establishment and ways of realization of the lien of the carrier's goods on the sea in the practice of navigation, and so on, in order to achieve a balance between the lien right of the carrier and the right of the debtor.To promote economic and trade exchanges in navigation.In the process of writing, this paper has always adhered to the writing method and research idea of "from general to special", from the analysis of lien in general sense to the lien of goods on the sea.This paper analyzes the legal provisions of maritime cargo lien in China from the legislative examples of typical countries.The lien of Chinese carrier's goods at sea is mainly stipulated in articles 87 and 88 of Maritime Law, which is also the main research object of this paper.This article does not adopt the general introduction method, but has carried on the research in the first chapter to the fourth chapter to the marine cargo lien the key discussion question,There is a deep discussion on the ownership and realization of the lien goods.The author, referring to the laws and regulations of foreign and domestic countries and famous books of law, and combining the navigation practice of our country, gives some thoughts on the system of lien right of marine cargo in our country.Some suggestions for amending Article 88 of the Maritime Law are put forward. It is hoped that it will be helpful to the future revision of the Maritime Law of China and the practice of navigation in the future.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D922.294;D923

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