海事诉讼特别程序法若干法律问题研究

发布时间：2018-04-17 04:22

本文选题：海事诉讼法 + 海事请求保全　；参考：《上海海事大学》2007年硕士论文

【摘要】： 《中华人民共和国海事诉讼特别程序法》于1999年12月25日第九届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十三次会议通过，并自2000年7月1日起实施。这部法律的出台，是我国海事审判发展的一个里程碑。海事诉讼法的全部内容，既涵盖了我国海事审判的成功经验，具有不同于普通民事诉讼程序的特点，也反应了我国海事诉讼制度正逐步走向成熟，更趋于公正、公平，也更为开放、合理。但是任何一部法律都会有不足之处。从海事诉讼法实施之日起至今日，已经近7年的实践检验，随着理论的发展和实践的深入，有些问题需要进行一些修正和调整，以适应社会变化之需要，海事诉讼法在实践中又出现了怎样的新问题，笔者力图从宏观上把握分析这部法律，提出问题并就此进行阐述，，而且尽可能的在实体与程序相结合的基础上讨论程序问题。我国海事诉讼法的产生是为适应发展迅速的海事诉讼的需要，具有深远的意义，发挥了不可估量的作用。海事诉讼是基于民事诉讼的原则，并带有自身独特特点的特别诉讼程序，我国的海事诉讼法，总结了人民法院在海事审判中积累的宝贵经验，同时借鉴和吸收了有关国际公约、国际惯例和国外一些国家的先进做法。笔者首先对我国海事诉讼法的一些主要特点进行了归纳。本文针对海事诉讼的证据制度，海事请求保全，海事强制令，以及海事赔偿责任限制基金程序等几个方面进行了全面的分析，并在分析借鉴海事法律较为完善的有关国家的法律规定的基础上，对完善我国的海事诉讼特别程序提出若干建议。海事诉讼法证据制度包括海事证据保全和举证制度。证据是诉讼的无冕之王，没有调查，就没有证明案件的方法；没有证据，提出主张的一方就没有胜诉的可能，审判机关也就没有办法定案，俗话说，打官司就是打证据，由此可见证据的意义和作用。相对于普通的民事证据来说，海事证据具有复杂性高、专业性强以及不易调查等特点，若是没有完整的海事诉讼证据保全制度，诉讼时某些证据已经灭失或者无法取得，案件事实的查明在很大程度上受到了限制，就会直接影响倒法院对案件的公正裁判。因此，建立完善的海事诉讼证据保全制度的重要性是不言而喻的。海事请求保全是海事诉讼法中最为重要的一章。笔者对海事请求保全的内容特点等进行分析，并对其具体措施进行较为详细的阐述，对我国海事请求保全制度可能存在的缺陷与问题进行探讨，希望对完善我国海事保全制度、建立我国民事诉讼法的完整体系有所裨益。海事强制令是我国2000年实施的《中华人民共和国海事诉讼特别程序法》所创设的一项新的保全制度。海事强制令的产生适应了海事诉讼的特殊需要，它开创了我国诉讼程序法上行为保全的先河。同时由于海事强制令制度是一种新创的诉讼法律制度，其中仍存在一些不足之处，阻碍海事强制令的适用及其理论发展。本文探讨了该制度中的一些不足之处，并提出了一些修改意见，以促进海事强制令制度的发展。海事赔偿责任限制制度是海商法中特有的、并区别于民法中一般民事损害赔偿的法律制度。它一般所针对的是一次事故所引起各类债权的综合性限制。我国《海商法》第十一章就是基本上遵循了1976年《海事索赔责任限制公约》的立法。海事诉讼法于2000年7月1日生效后，海事赔偿责任限制才有了程序上的依据。然而，近几年发生一系列的海事赔偿责任限制案件暴露出来很多问题，说明我国在程序上的完善的探索还有很长的道路。针对一系列问题，笔者提出了自己的建议。
[Abstract]:"The special procedure of Maritime Procedure Law in People's Republic of China in December 25, 1999 Ninth National People's Congress of the thirteenth meeting of the Standing Committee, and since July 1, 2000. The implementation of this law, is a milepost of maritime trial development in our country. All the contents of maritime litigation law, not only covers the successful experience of China maritime trial that is different from the common civil procedure, but also reflects the system of maritime litigation in China is gradually becoming more mature, more fair, more open, fair, reasonable. But any law will have shortcomings. From the implementation of the Maritime Procedure Law until the date today, has nearly 7 practice tests years, with the development of the theory and practice deeply, some problems need to be modified and adjusted to adapt to the changing needs of society, the Maritime Procedure Law in practice and the emergence of how The new problem of the sample, the author tries to grasp the analysis of the law from macro perspective, raises questions and elaborates on it, and discusses procedural problems as much as possible on the basis of the combination of entity and procedure.
China's Maritime Procedure Law is to meet the needs of the rapid development of the maritime litigation, has far-reaching significance, has played an invaluable role. Maritime procedure is based on the principle of civil procedure, and has its own unique characteristics of the special procedure of Maritime Procedure Law of our country, summarizes the valuable experience accumulated in the maritime court in the trial, at the same time and to draw the relevant international conventions, international practice and advanced practice in foreign countries. Firstly, some of the main features of China's Maritime Procedure Law are summarized.
In this paper, according to the evidence system of maritime litigation, maritime preservation, maritime injunction and the limitation fund for maritime claims procedures and other aspects of comprehensive analysis, and on the basis of analysing the basic legal provisions of relevant national maritime law more perfect on the proposed several suggestions for perfecting the special maritime procedure.
The Maritime Procedure Law of evidence system including maritime evidence preservation and proof system. Evidence is the uncrowned king, action no investigation, no proof of the case method; no evidence, claims on the side is not likely to succeed, the judicial organs can't finalized, the saying goes, the lawsuit is evidence of significance and thus evidence. Compared with ordinary civil evidence, maritime evidence has high complexity, professional and strong, not easy to survey etc., if there is no maritime evidence preservation system complete, litigation some evidence has been lost or unavailable, identify the facts of the case is limited to a great extent, it will directly influence of the case to the court of justice down. Therefore, the importance of establishing the maritime litigation evidence preservation system is self-evident.
Preservation of maritime claims is no doubt the most important part. The author of the preservation of maritime claims content characteristics were analyzed, and detailed description of the specific measures, discusses the defects and problems of China's maritime preservation system may exist, hope to improve China's maritime preservation system. Help the complete system of the establishment of China's civil procedure law.
Maritime injunction is a new security system in China in 2000 the implementation of the "special program of People's Republic of China Maritime Procedure Law > created. The maritime injunction came to meet the special needs of maritime litigation, it created a procedural law in our country. At the same time as the first act preservation of maritime injunction is a kind of new the legal system, there are still some shortcomings, hinder the maritime injunction application and theory development. This paper discusses some of the shortcomings in the system, and puts forward some suggestions, in order to promote the development of Maritime Mandatory Order.
The system of limitation of liability in maritime law, and civil law is different from the general civil damage compensation legal system. It is aimed at a comprehensive accident caused by various claims restrictions. China's "maritime law > eleventh chapter is basically following the 1976 Convention on the limitation of liability for maritime claims." the legislation of Maritime Procedure Law came into effect on July 1, 2000, limitation of liability for maritime claims is a procedural basis. However, in recent years a series of limitation of liability for maritime claims cases exposed many problems, that our country in the program to improve the exploration is still a long road. According to a series of problems, the author some suggestions are put forward.

【学位授予单位】：上海海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：D925.1

【参考文献】