论保险人的最大诚信义务

发布时间：2018-04-17 06:20

本文选题：最大诚信义务 + 保险人　；参考：《西南政法大学》2005年硕士论文

【摘要】：当前在我国乃至全世界,诚信危机已经成了关系市场经济能否健康发展的重要问题,我国迫切需要建立保险市场,而完善的保险市场又需要健全合理的保险法律制度。最大诚信原则是保险法的重要法律特征,保险人能否遵循最大诚信原则,切实履行最大诚信义务成为保险业良好发展的重要保证。本文旨在对保险人的最大诚信义务问题进行较为深入、系统的研究,以引起学术界对这一课题的重视,为实务界和司法界提供理论参考。全文分为引言、正文和结束语。其中,正文由五部分组成。文章第一部分对最大诚信义务制度进行了概述。最大诚信义务制度起源于诚实信用原则。诚实信用原则渊源于罗马法的诚信契约和诚信诉讼。在大陆法系,作为民法的基本原则,诚实信用经历了其适用于合同关系,适用于债务关系和适用于各种民事权利义务关系三个阶段。在英美法系,判例法和成文法亦确认了诚实信用原则为民商法基本原则。《保险法》将诚信原则发展为最大诚信原则。最大诚信原则最早运用于英国的海上保险,是为适应海上保险的需要而确立。英国1906年的《海上保险法》最早对最大诚信义务做出规定。随着保险业的发展,最大诚信原则得以深化,特别是由最初多用于限制被保险人,扩展至保险人,各国保险法对保险人的诚信要求作了规定。最大诚信原则源于诚信原则,然而二者之间又存在差异:最大诚信原则要求更高;是规范性与非规范性规定的结合体;在司法中有严格规则主义倾向。文章第二部分阐释了保险人承担最大诚信义务的理论基础。最大诚信原则产生之初主要是约束投保人的工具,随着保险业的发展,保险人信守最大诚信义务对维持保险业正常秩序作用日显。保险人承担最大诚信义务有其深刻的理论依据:由于保险合同具有射幸性、附合陛,成立方式的不要式性,合同当事人地位不平等以及意思表示不充分的特点,整个保险合同活动过程中道德因素起了不可替代的作用。另外,保险人承担最大诚信义务是现代保险经营平衡当事人之间利益冲突,维护保险基金稳定性,提高经济效益,扩大保险市场,实现公平的必然要求。文章第三部分是文章重点所在,探讨了保险人最大诚信义务的内容。保险人最大诚信义务包括订约说明义务、弃权与禁止反言以及及时给付义务。订约说明义务是我国保险法的一大特色,我国保险法规定了保险人应
[Abstract]:At present, the credit crisis has become an important problem in our country and the whole world. It is urgent for our country to establish the insurance market, and the perfect insurance market needs to perfect the reasonable insurance legal system.The principle of maximum good faith is an important legal feature of insurance law. Whether the insurer can follow the principle of maximum good faith and fulfill the duty of maximum good faith has become an important guarantee for the good development of the insurance industry.The purpose of this paper is to make a deep and systematic study on the biggest honesty obligation of the insurer in order to arouse the academic attention to this subject and to provide theoretical reference for the practical and judicial circles.The full text is divided into preface, text and conclusion.Among them, the text consists of five parts.The first part of the article summarizes the system of maximum good faith obligation.The system of maximum good faith obligation originates from the principle of good faith.The principle of good faith originates from the good faith contract and good faith litigation of Roman law.In the civil law system, as the basic principle of civil law, good faith has experienced three stages, which are applicable to contract, debt and various civil rights and obligations.In Anglo-American law system, case law and statutory law also confirmed the principle of good faith as the basic principle of civil and commercial law, and the Insurance Law developed the principle of good faith into the principle of maximum good faith.The principle of maximum good faith was first applied to marine insurance in England, which was established to meet the needs of marine insurance.The British Maritime Insurance Act of 1906 was the first to provide for the greatest bona fide obligation.With the development of the insurance industry, the principle of maximum good faith has been deepened, especially from the first most used to limit the insured, extended to the insurer, the insurance law of various countries has stipulated the requirement of the insurer's good faith.The principle of maximum good faith originates from the principle of good faith, but there are differences between them: the principle of maximum good faith requires higher; it is a combination of normative and non-normative provisions; there is a tendency of strict rule doctrine in the administration of justice.The second part of the article explains the theoretical basis for the insurer to undertake the greatest bona fide obligation.The principle of maximum good faith came into being at the beginning is mainly a tool to restrain the policy holder. With the development of the insurance industry, the insurer's obligation to abide by the maximum good faith plays a more and more important role in maintaining the normal order of the insurance industry.There are profound theoretical basis for the insurer to bear the greatest bona fide obligation: because the insurance contract has the characteristics of luck, attachment, non-form of establishment, unequal status of the parties to the contract and insufficient expression of intention.Moral factors play an irreplaceable role in the whole process of insurance contract activity.In addition, it is the inevitable requirement of modern insurance management to balance the interests of the parties, maintain the stability of the insurance fund, improve the economic benefits, expand the insurance market and realize fairness.The third part is the focus of the article, and discusses the content of the insurer's greatest obligation of good faith.The obligation of the insurer's utmost good faith includes the obligation of contracting explanation, waiver and estoppel, and the obligation of timely payment.The obligation of contracting is a major feature of China's insurance law, which stipulates that the insurer should
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2005
【分类号】：D922.284

【引证文献】