“海事侵权行为”基本概念解析

发布时间：2018-05-27 03:09

本文选题：海事侵权 + 民事侵权　；参考：《北京大学》2005年硕士论文

【摘要】：海事侵权,也有人称为海上侵权,其英文翻译应是“maritime tort”,是海商法中重要的基础概念,在侵权法领域中它是表现海事特色的专门概念。对于海事侵权概念的理解,不仅影响到具体海事案件的定性和处理,还影响到法院管辖权的划分,因此这一概念的界定对于立法和司法实践都具有重要的指导意义。虽然我国海商事实体法和程序法对海事侵权都有所涉及,但都未对海事侵权概念做出全面界定,司法界和学术界对此也鲜有解析。本文结合中国法与英美法相关资料,通过对海事侵权及邻近种属概念的区分辨析,对海事侵权行为的概念作了表述,并对这一基本概念内涵与外延作了较全面的诠释。文章共分为四部分: 第一部分指出了海事侵权是海商法中一个重要的、特有的基本概念,分析了司法实践中围绕“海事侵权”而产生的种种困扰,阐述了对“海事侵权”这一基本概念进行解析的必要性和重要意义。第二部分考察了我国和英美等国有关海事侵权概念的法律规定与司法解释,旨在说明我国现行法律对海事侵权概念规定的缺失及理论界对这一概念阐释的问题所在。第三部分辨析了海事侵权与其邻近种属概念,分析海事侵权与民事侵权、海事侵权与海商合同、海事侵权与其他损害赔偿之债、海事侵权与船舶碰撞侵权等基本概念的关系,阐明了海事侵权包含的特有因素。第四部分提出了自己对海事侵权概念的理解,即海事侵权行为是指船舶在可航水域因过错或无过错造成他人人身伤亡损害、本船舶外的财产损害及公共利益损害,依法应当承担赔偿责任的行为。并对海事侵权概念四个特殊因素,侵权主体的特殊性、侵害客体的特殊性、侵权地点的特殊性、归责原则的特殊性做出了具体分析。最后对海事侵权概念内涵的外在表现,即海事侵权行为的外延作了具体列举。
[Abstract]:Maritime tort, also known as maritime tort, should be translated as "maritime tort", which is an important basic concept in maritime law. In the field of tort law, it is a special concept with maritime characteristics. The understanding of the concept of maritime tort not only affects the characterization and handling of specific maritime cases, but also affects the division of the jurisdiction of the court. Therefore, the definition of the concept has important guiding significance for both legislation and judicial practice. Although China's maritime commercial substantive law and procedural law are involved in maritime tort, but the concept of maritime tort has not been fully defined, judicial and academic circles have rarely analyzed this. Based on the relevant data of Chinese law and Anglo-American law, this paper distinguishes the concepts of maritime tort and adjacent species, and gives a comprehensive interpretation of the connotation and extension of this basic concept. The article is divided into four parts: The first part points out that maritime tort is an important and unique basic concept in maritime law, and analyzes the various troubles in judicial practice around "maritime tort". This paper expounds the necessity and significance of analyzing the basic concept of maritime tort. The second part examines the legal provisions and judicial interpretation of maritime tort in China and the United States and other countries in order to explain the lack of the concept of maritime tort in the current law of our country and the problems in the interpretation of the concept in the theoretical circle. The third part differentiates the concept of maritime tort and its adjacent species, analyzes the relationship between maritime tort and civil tort, maritime tort and maritime contract, maritime tort and other damages, maritime tort and ship collision tort. This paper clarifies the special factors of maritime tort. In the fourth part, I put forward my own understanding of the concept of maritime tort, that is, maritime tort refers to the damage to other persons caused by fault or no fault in navigable waters, property damage and public interest damage outside the ship. Acts that shall be liable for compensation according to law. Four special factors of maritime tort concept, the particularity of tort subject, the particularity of infringing object, the particularity of infringing place and the particularity of imputation principle are analyzed. Finally, the external manifestation of the concept of maritime tort, that is, the extension of maritime tort, is listed concretely.
【学位授予单位】：北京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2005
【分类号】：D912.29;D913

【共引文献】