海上保险保证制度变革及对我国立法的借鉴

发布时间：2018-07-06 11:28

本文选题：保证 + 海上保险　；参考：《大连海事大学》2008年硕士论文

【摘要】： 海上保险中的保证制度是保险人借以控制风险的手段,起源于英国并被许多普通法系国家立法所确认。随着立法环境改变,保证制度已经发生了变革。而且大陆法系中并不存在保证制度,而是采用与保证制度功能相似的风险变更制度,也使自己的海上保险市场获得了良好的发展。而我国关于保证制度的立法确实存在着许多不足,对《保险法》和《海商法》修改已经提上日程。在此情况下,本篇论文通过历史分析的方法对保证变革进程进行研究,并运用比较分析的方法考察保证制度与大陆法系相关法律制度的优劣,最后落脚在我国立法上,为我国立法的不足提出建议,以期对修改我国《保险法》和《海商法》有所帮助。本篇论文分为5章: 第1章对海上保险保证制度进行概述。首先从保证的起源入手,考察保证制度存在的原因和基础;然后着重介绍保证的分类、特征和违反保证的法律后果,对其严厉性进行了详细的论述。第2章对普通法系国家保证制度的变革进程进行研究。首先论述了保证制度的消极影响及变革的必要性;然后重点考察了了英国和美国的变革进程,并综合考察其他国家保证制度的变革进程;最后得出保证的发展趋势。第3章对大陆法系国家的立法进行研究,重点论述了大陆法中与保证相关的法律制度,即风险变更制度,主要介绍了德国和挪威两个有代表性国家的风险变更制度,并与保证制度对比,分析其优势以资我国借鉴。第4章介绍了保证在我国的立法和司法实践现状,提出了我国立法存在的问题。第5章是笔者的建议。综合考虑保证制度的发展趋势、风险变更制度的优势,最终得出我国的立法模式并为其完善提出建议。
[Abstract]:The guarantee system in marine insurance is the means by which the insurer controls the risk. It originated in England and was recognized by many common law countries. With the change of legislative environment, the guarantee system has changed. Moreover, there is no guarantee system in the civil law system, but the risk change system, which is similar to the guarantee system, has made its own marine insurance market develop well. However, there are many deficiencies in the legislation of guarantee system in our country, and the amendment of Insurance Law and Maritime Law has been put on the agenda. In this case, this paper studies the process of guarantee reform by means of historical analysis, and applies the method of comparative analysis to investigate the merits and demerits of the guarantee system and the relevant legal systems of the civil law system, and finally to settle on the legislation of our country. Some suggestions are put forward for the deficiency of our country's legislation in order to help us to amend the Insurance Law and the Maritime Law. This thesis is divided into five chapters: chapter 1 gives an overview of the marine insurance guarantee system. Starting with the origin of guarantee, this paper investigates the reason and basis of the existence of guarantee system, and then introduces the classification, characteristics and legal consequences of breach of warranty in detail. Chapter 2 studies the reform process of guarantee system in common law system. This paper first discusses the negative influence of the guarantee system and the necessity of the reform, then focuses on the reform process of the United Kingdom and the United States, and comprehensively examines the reform process of the guarantee system in other countries. Finally, the development trend of the guarantee system is obtained. Chapter 3 studies the legislation of civil law countries, focusing on the legal system related to the guarantee, namely the risk change system, which mainly introduces the risk change system of Germany and Norway. And compare with guarantee system, analyze its advantage to our country draw lessons from. Chapter 4 introduces the current situation of legislation and judicial practice in our country, and puts forward the existing problems of legislation in our country. Chapter 5 is the author's suggestion. Considering the development trend of the guarantee system and the advantages of the risk change system, the legislative model of our country is finally obtained and some suggestions are put forward for its perfection.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：D922.294;D922.284

【引证文献】