基于参数化建模柱面网壳结构拓扑优化设计

发布时间：2018-08-16 15:53

【摘要】： 网壳结构作为一种大型空间结构,由于其具有造型美观多样、受力合理、用料经济、且覆盖空间较大等优点,近年来被广泛应用于具有地标性的大型建筑结构中。然而大量实践证明,传统的设计仅能保证结构的安全性、正常使用性和耐久性等,而材料的力学性能并不能得到充分发挥,为了更合理的利用材料的性能,使结构内部各构件得到更好的协调,需要对结构进行优化设计。本课题在研究目前结构优化理论和各种优化算法的基础上,深入研究了序列两级算法和遗传算法的基本理论、算法改进和程序实现,在此基础上实现了单层柱面网壳结构的截面优化及双层柱面网壳的拓扑优化设计。论文研究的主要内容有： (1)本文采用序列两级算法,对五种典型单层柱面网壳结构进行了杆件的截面优化设计。将优化模型的约束条件分为局部约束和整体约束两大类,采用一维搜索法处理局部约束、采用相对差商法处理整体约束。文中详细分析了五种典型单层柱面网壳结构的跨度、矢跨比的变化对结构总重量的影响,得出了工程中常用的六种跨度和六种矢跨比下,最为经济的柱面网壳结构形式。 (2)本文对基本遗传算法进行了研究,在此基础上对编码方式采用整数编码、对杂交和变异操作分别采用混合杂交和邻近变异方法,并采用上述改进的遗传算法对正放四角锥双层柱面网壳结构进行了拓扑优化设计。分析了在50m跨度下正放四角锥双层柱面网壳结构总重量随长跨比、矢跨比、厚度的变化规律,得出了在一定网格划分份数下,结构总重量最轻的矢跨比和厚度。 (3)本文采用大型有限元分析软件ANSYS进行柱面网壳结构内力分析、采用APDL语言对柱面网壳进行了参数化建模；在MATLAB环境下编制优化程序,通过文件的写入和写出实现了MATLAB和ANSYS的数据传递,即实现结构优化进程中结构受力分析的自动调用。
[Abstract]:As a large space structure, reticulated shell structure has been widely used in large buildings with landmarks in recent years because of its advantages such as beautiful appearance, reasonable force, economical material use and large covering space. However, a large number of practices have proved that the traditional design can only guarantee the safety, normal use and durability of the structure, and the mechanical properties of the materials can not be fully developed. In order to make more reasonable use of the properties of the materials, It is necessary to optimize the design of the structure for better coordination of the components within the structure. On the basis of studying the theory of structure optimization and various optimization algorithms, the basic theory of sequence two-level algorithm and genetic algorithm, the improvement of algorithm and the realization of program are studied in this paper. On this basis, the section optimization of single-layer cylindrical reticulated shell and the topology optimization design of double-layer cylindrical reticulated shell are realized. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) in this paper, five typical single-layer cylindrical latticed shell structures are designed by using sequential two-level algorithm. The constraints of the optimization model are divided into local constraints and global constraints. The one-dimensional search method is used to deal with local constraints and the relative difference quotient method is used to deal with global constraints. In this paper, the influence of the span of five typical single-layer cylindrical latticed shell structures and the variation of the rise-to-span ratio on the total weight of the structure are analyzed in detail, and the six kinds of span and six kinds of rise-span ratio commonly used in engineering are obtained. The most economical structure of cylindrical reticulated shell. (2) the basic genetic algorithm is studied in this paper. On the basis of this, integer coding is adopted for coding mode, hybrid method and neighborhood mutation method are used for hybrid and mutation operation, respectively. Using the improved genetic algorithm, the topology optimization design of the two-layer cylindrical reticulated shell with quadrangular cones is carried out. In this paper, the variation of the total weight with the ratio of length to span, the ratio of vector to span and the thickness of the cylindrical reticulated shell structure with quadrangular cones and double layers at 50 m span is analyzed, and the results show that the total weight of the reticulated shell is divided by a certain number of meshes. (3) A large-scale finite element analysis software ANSYS is used to analyze the internal force of cylindrical latticed shell, and APDL language is used to model the cylindrical latticed shell. The optimization program is compiled under the environment of MATLAB, and the data transfer between MATLAB and ANSYS is realized through the writing and writing of files, that is, the automatic transfer of structural force analysis in the process of structural optimization.
【学位授予单位】：山东建筑大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：TU399

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