有限责任公司股东除名权法律制度研究

发布时间：2018-08-20 12:34

【摘要】： 如何解决有限责任公司因其闭锁性而引致的股东内部冲突是各国法律感觉颇为棘手的问题,其中之一就是当公司内部出现“离心股东”时公司或其他股东应如何解决的问题。为此,各国在法律实践的基础上形成了一项起初作为司法解散替代制度的法律制度——除名权法律制度。因其满足了社会的需求,逐步发展成为解决公司股东内部冲突的一项重要制度而在国外得以蓬勃发展。在我国因实践和研究起步较晚,该制度才略具雏形,然我国现实亦迫切需要该制度以解决有限责任公司股东内部冲突问题。因此笔者以回应现实需要为目的,综合运用实证分析法、历史分析法、比较分析法等研究方法对除名权法律制度进行较为深入的研究,希望能够构建出我国的有限责任公司股东除名权法律制度。本文分为引言、正文和结论三个部分: 在引言中,提出了我国建立有限责任公司股东除名权法律制度是现实的需要,研究该问题对于解决有限责任公司中“离心股东”问题具有重要意义。并梳理了我国的研究现状,明确了进一步研究的方向。正文部分分为四章。第一章从除名权所关涉的基本问题出发论述了除名权法律制度的基本范畴和除名权的权利属性,将其与我国现存的公司法解决公司内部冲突的制度相比较,指出除名权是具有特殊存在价值的一项解决股东内部冲突的重要制度,而且在制度功能上有其他相关制度所无法比拟的优势,有利于平衡公司、股东之间和其他利益相关者之间的利益。当然,任何一项制度的构建必须有其理论基础,第二章即从基本理论层面上探讨了除名权能够成为独立制度的理论基础,认为单一理论支持一项制度可能会显得理论基础单薄和片面,所以从民法、商法和公司法三个层面上提出除名权法律制度构建的理论基础,以从各个角度来证明除名权法律制度的构建是有其深厚理论基础的。公司形态的日益国际化,使其制度在各国间有很大的相似性和可借鉴性,因此国外的先进制度经验不可能不予考虑。因此,第三章通过对大陆法系的典型国家德国和英美法系的典型国家美国的相关制度及其实践进行比较分析,证成了除名权法律制度是契合时代要求和顺应公司法发展趋势的一项解决股东内部冲突的重要制度。第四章在借鉴德国和美国制度经验的情况下,结合我国的现实,分别从除名权法律制度的实体制度层面和程序制度层面进行分析并提出了自己的制度构建设想,期望能够尽可能详尽的为我国有限责任公司股东内部冲突的解决提供较为可行的制度——除名权法律制度。结论部分对全文进行了总结,认为我国法律应该回应现实的需求,尽快就有限责任公司股东除名权法律制度进行立法,如果短期内立法不能实现,也应通过立法解释的方式来满足现实的需求。
[Abstract]:How to solve the internal conflict of shareholders caused by the locking of limited liability company is a thorny problem in various countries, one of which is how to solve the problem that the company or other shareholders should solve when there are "centrifugal shareholders" in the company. Therefore, on the basis of legal practice, countries have formed a legal system, the right of delisting, which was used as a substitute system for judicial dissolution. Because it meets the needs of the society, it has gradually developed into an important system to solve the conflict among the shareholders of the company and has developed vigorously in foreign countries. Because of the late start of practice and research in our country, the system has a rudimentary form, but the reality of our country also urgently needs the system to solve the internal conflict of shareholders of limited liability company. Therefore, in order to respond to the needs of reality, the author comprehensively uses empirical analysis, historical analysis, comparative analysis and other research methods to deeply study the legal system of delisting right. The author hopes to construct the legal system of shareholder's delisting right of limited liability company in our country. This paper is divided into three parts: introduction, text and conclusion: in the introduction, it is put forward that it is necessary to establish the legal system of shareholder's delisting right of limited liability company in our country. The study of this problem is of great significance to solve the problem of "centrifugal shareholders" in limited liability companies. And combed our country's research present situation, has defined the further research direction. The text is divided into four chapters. The first chapter discusses the basic category of the legal system of delisting right and the property of the right of delisting from the basic problems involved in the right of delisting, and compares it with the existing system of corporate law in our country to resolve the internal conflict of the company. It is pointed out that the right of delisting is an important system with special existence value to resolve the conflict among shareholders, and has the advantage that other relative systems can not compare in the system function, which is beneficial to balance the company. Interests between shareholders and other stakeholders. Of course, the construction of any system must have its theoretical basis, the second chapter is from the basic theoretical level to explore the delisting right can become the theoretical basis of the independent system. It is considered that a single theory supporting a system may appear as a weak and one-sided theoretical basis, so the theoretical basis of the legal system of the right to remove from the law is put forward from the three levels of civil law, commercial law and company law. It is proved from various angles that the legal system of delisting right has its profound theoretical foundation. With the increasing internationalization of corporate form, its system has great similarity and reference among countries, so the advanced institutional experience of foreign countries can not be ignored. Therefore, the third chapter makes a comparative analysis of the relevant systems and practices of Germany, a typical country of the continental law system, and the United States, a typical country of the common law system. It is an important system to solve the internal conflict of shareholders in accordance with the requirements of the times and the trend of company law. In the fourth chapter, based on the experience of Germany and the United States, combined with the reality of our country, this chapter analyzes the legal system of delisting right from the substantive system level and the procedural system level, and puts forward its own system construction ideas. The author hopes to provide a more feasible system-the legal system of the right of delisting for the resolution of the conflict among shareholders of the limited liability company in our country as much as possible. The conclusion part summarizes the full text, thinks our country law should respond to the realistic demand, as soon as possible carries on the legislation to the limited liability company shareholder delisting right legal system, if the legislation cannot be realized in the short term, We should also meet the actual needs by means of legislative interpretation.
【学位授予单位】：中国政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：D922.291.91

【引证文献】