多元不饱和水溶液体系的等压实验研究
发布时间:2018-09-19 16:09
【摘要】:等压法是测定溶液热力学性质的精确方法之一,该法可直接用于检验偏简单溶液模型对各类不饱和溶液的适用性。偏简单溶液模型包括了偏理想溶液模型和偏稀溶液模型。王之昌先生从电解质水溶液的Zdanovskii线性等压规则和三元铁合金中碳的Turkdogan线性溶解度规则出发,提出了对于各类多元实际溶液{A+B+C+...+Z},在组分A化学势恒定下与其二元亚系{A+i}(i∈B,C,…,Z)之间的简单联系,形成偏简单溶液理论。其中与偏理想溶液模型相对应的线性浓度规则适用于B,C,…,Z之间交换能为零的体系;与偏稀溶液模型相对应的线性浓度规则适用于B,C,…,Z之间交换能不为零的体系。也就是说,若纯组元A+经典的理想溶液{B+C+…+Z}=偏理想溶液{A+B+C+...+Z};若纯组元A+经典的稀溶液{B+C+…+Z}=偏稀溶液{A+B+C+…+Z}。 研究了298.15K时{H2O(A)+Nd(NO3)3(B)+HNO3(C)+蔗糖(D)}四元不饱和水溶液体系的等压行为。实验结果表明,HN03的存在对实验结果产生了很大影响,实验误差很大。因此,等压实验前将储备液调整到其等当点对应的pH值是必要的。采用滴定的方法测定了Nd(NO3)3储备液的等当点,用二级微商法计算出等当点时溶液的pH=3.18。 以NaCl(aq)溶液为参考物,用等压法系统地测定了在298.15K时{H2O(A)+Nd(NO3)3(B)+蔗糖(C)}三元不饱和水溶液体系的等压热力学行为。实验结果表明,这个体系不遵循单组元水活度恒定的混合电解质与非电解质水溶液的线性等压规则。在水溶液中,不饱和溶质Nd(NO3)3与蔗糖分子之间存在相互作用力,此三元系符合偏稀溶液模型。
[Abstract]:Isobaric method is one of the accurate methods to determine the thermodynamic properties of solution. It can be directly used to test the applicability of partial simple solution model to various unsaturated solutions. The partial simple solution model includes the partial ideal solution model and the partial dilute solution model. Based on the linear isobaric rule of Zdanovskii in electrolyte solution and the linear solubility rule of Turkdogan in ternary ferroalloy, Wang Zhichang put forward a new method for practical solution {A B C. Under the constant chemical potential of component A, the binary subline {A} (I 鈭,
本文编号:2250638
[Abstract]:Isobaric method is one of the accurate methods to determine the thermodynamic properties of solution. It can be directly used to test the applicability of partial simple solution model to various unsaturated solutions. The partial simple solution model includes the partial ideal solution model and the partial dilute solution model. Based on the linear isobaric rule of Zdanovskii in electrolyte solution and the linear solubility rule of Turkdogan in ternary ferroalloy, Wang Zhichang put forward a new method for practical solution {A B C. Under the constant chemical potential of component A, the binary subline {A} (I 鈭,
本文编号:2250638
本文链接:https://www.wllwen.com/falvlunwen/sflw/2250638.html