海事赔偿责任限制程序下债权人会议问题研究

发布时间：2018-10-22 18:14

【摘要】：海事赔偿责任限制制度是海商法特有的制度。为了更好的发挥该实体法制度的功能,我国在海事诉讼法中构建专门海事赔偿责任限制基金程序制度配合之适用,有力地促进了我国海事赔偿责任限制类案件的解决。而债权人会议制度是海事赔偿责任限制基金程序制度的重要组成部分,其在协商船舶价款、海事赔偿责任限制基金分配方案及签订受偿协议方面发挥着重要作用。然而,由于我国立法上制度构建的不完善甚至是缺失,导致了其在司法实践中缺乏可操作性；债权人会议制度及其相关程序在海事立法及司法实践中的逻辑混乱,更导致了这一制度设计目的不能实现。加之,在海事司法实践中运用这一制度解决相关问题的机会较少,这就导致这一制度在海事诉讼立法和实践中较少为人关注。本文从债权人会议的概念分析出发,系统讨论了债权人会议制度在海事赔偿责任限制基金程序中设立的必要性,主要体现在保护债权人的合法权益、平衡海事事故当事方间的利益及使基金程序更加体系化等方面。接着,本文以债权人会议的运作流程为分析基点,在对该制度在程序上的运作流程进行深入分析和研究的基础上,指出债权人会议制度在参会主体、开会议题、会议功能,及其与确权诉讼关系等方面的问题所曾现出来的内在逻辑性混乱、制度构建的不周延性等问题。同时,本文以挪威法海事赔偿责任限制基金程序下基金会议的运作流程为参考,从该制度的基本运作流程为出发点,系统阐述基金会议的运作流程,并总结出了基金会议制度在会议召集期限、基金会议前的工作、参会主体及该制度与其相关程序方面所具有显著特点。本论文在对我国债权人会议制度和挪威基金会议制度进行深入研究的基础上对这两种制度进行比较研究。最后,本文从系统构建我国海事赔偿责任限制基金程序下债权人会议制度的全局出发,在上述研究的基础上指出挪威法下基金会议制度对我国债权人会议制度在调整债权人会议制度和确权诉讼关系和强化法院在债权人会议前的责任等方面具有的可借鉴之处,并在针对我国债权人会议制度构建本身及其实践中存在的问题给出完善的具体措施。
[Abstract]:The limitation system of maritime liability is a special system of maritime law. In order to give full play to the function of the substantive law system, our country constructs the special maritime claim liability limitation fund procedure system in the maritime procedural law to cooperate with it, which has promoted the solution of the maritime claim liability limitation case in our country. The system of creditors' meeting is an important part of the procedure system of the limitation fund for maritime claim liability, which plays an important role in negotiating the price of the ship, the allocation scheme of the limitation fund for maritime claim liability and the signing of the indemnity agreement. However, due to the imperfection or even lack of system construction in our country's legislation, it lacks operability in judicial practice, and the creditors' meeting system and its related procedures are in confusion in maritime legislation and judicial practice. Even more, the design of this system can not be achieved. In addition, there are few opportunities to use this system to solve related problems in maritime judicial practice, which leads to less attention to this system in maritime litigation legislation and practice. Based on the analysis of the concept of creditors' meeting, this paper systematically discusses the necessity of establishing the system of creditors' meeting in the procedure of limitation of liability for maritime claims, which is mainly embodied in the protection of the legitimate rights and interests of creditors. Balance the interests between the parties involved in maritime accidents and make the fund procedure more systematic. Then, based on the analysis of the operation process of the creditors' meeting, on the basis of the in-depth analysis and study of the procedure of the system, the paper points out that the creditors' meeting system is in the main body of the meeting, the meeting topic, the meeting function, the main body of the meeting, the subject of the meeting and the function of the meeting. The inherent logic confusion and the inefficiency of the construction of the system have appeared in the relationship between the system and the right of confirmation. At the same time, based on the operational process of the fund meeting under the Norwegian law maritime claims limitation fund procedure, and starting from the basic operation process of the system, this paper systematically expounds the operation process of the fund meeting. The paper also sums up the remarkable characteristics of the meeting system of the Fund in terms of the duration of the meeting, the work before the meeting of the Fund, the participants and the relevant procedures of the system. This paper makes a comparative study of the creditor meeting system and the Norwegian fund meeting system. Finally, this paper starts from the overall situation of constructing the creditors' meeting system under the procedure of limitation of liability for maritime claims in China. On the basis of the above research, the paper points out that the meeting system of the fund under Norwegian law can be used for reference in the aspects of adjusting the system of creditors' meeting and confirming the litigation relation of the creditor's rights and strengthening the court's responsibility before the creditors' meeting. The author also puts forward some concrete measures to perfect the problems existing in the construction and practice of the creditors' meeting system in China.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D922.294

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