中国职务犯罪侦查权监督机制探讨

发布时间：2018-01-06 17:01

本文关键词：中国职务犯罪侦查权监督机制探讨　出处：《广西师范大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：如何在有序行使侦查权的同时防止权力滥用,保障职务犯罪中犯罪嫌疑人的人权,提升司法公信力,已经是新一轮司法改革关注的重点。近年来,对于职务犯罪侦查的监督机制的司法理论研究和司法实务探索,已经成为了各级检察部门研究的重点课题。从形式上看,虽然我国当前已经逐步建立了系统的、内部监督为主的职务犯罪侦查监督机制,但在职务犯罪侦查中,却不能完全避免不时出现的刑讯逼供、冤假错案等问题,这种情形的出现应该引起深入反省与思考。还需注意的是,职务犯罪侦查监督的出发点与其所追求的司法价值与诉讼机能,不仅是更好地保障犯罪嫌疑人的权利,彰显并强化司法的公信力,而且职务犯罪侦查机关还可以借此优化职务犯罪侦查监督的内部防控机制,同时还可以深化、规范对于职务犯罪侦查外部监督机制的科学认识与理性引导。本文试从以下四章对此进行论述：第一章是职务犯罪侦查权的概述。本章在对检察机关职务犯罪、职务犯罪案件和职务犯罪侦查权的概念及其性质进行界定的基础上,从职务犯罪的犯罪主体、犯罪行为、犯罪客体、犯罪责任四方面对职务犯罪案件进行了简单介绍,重点论述了职务犯罪侦查权的特征、内容及对其监督的必要性与重要性。第二章对职务犯罪侦查权监督的概念进行了界定,详细论述了构建科学职务犯罪侦查监督机制的理论基础——权力制衡理论、人权保障理论、程序正义理论、诉讼效率理论等,其还从保障职务犯罪侦查活动的规范性、保障犯罪嫌疑人的人权、检察机关的司法改革三个层面分析了完善职务犯罪侦查权监督机制的意义。第三章对中国职务犯罪侦查监督机制的现状及问题,进行了梳理与分析,并重点指出,职务犯罪侦查权内部监督机制的缺陷是：立案制约机制的薄弱与虚化、批准逮捕环节监督不力、上级检察机关对下级检察机关的监督不到位、事后监督明显多于事前监督等；职务犯罪侦查权外部监督机制的缺陷是：人大监督的虚设性、人民监督员的监督制约机制存在局限性、法院监督的局限性、犯罪嫌疑人及其律师对职务犯罪侦查权的制约不力、新闻媒体、社会群众与舆论监督的缺陷等；第四章是本文的重点。文章在上述研究的基础上,在重点考察、总结检察机关在监督权运行规律的同时,提出并论证了构建我国职务犯罪侦查监督机制的措施与建议：从内部的机制看来,主要是完善程序,规范办案流程；从外部监督来看,主要是强化各监督机关之间的协调、合作与配合,创新并完善社会性监督和其他监督形式的体制、机制与法制保障。
[Abstract]:How to exercise the right of investigation at the same time in order to prevent the abuse of power, the protection of criminal suspects in crimes of human rights, to enhance the credibility of the judiciary, is a new round of judicial reform focus. In recent years, the theoretical research and judicial practice in the judicial supervision mechanism of duty crime investigation and exploration, has become the focus of the research of procuratorial departments at all levels from the formal point of view, although China has gradually established a system of internal supervision of duty crime investigation supervision mechanism, but in the investigation of duty crime, but can not be completely avoided when the inquisition by torture, miscarriages of justice issues, the emergence of this situation should arouse deep introspection and reflection. It must be noted that the value of justice and the prosecution function of duty crime investigation and supervision and the pursuit, not only to better protect the rights of criminal suspects, and highlight To strengthen the credibility of the judiciary, and the duty crime investigation organ can also take the optimization of duty crime investigation and supervision of internal control mechanism, but also can deepen the scientific understanding and rational norms, the duty crime investigation external supervision mechanism. This paper try to discuss the guidance from the following four chapters: the first chapter is an overview of the duty crime investigation right. In the chapter of the prosecution, definition of the concept of crimes and crimes investigation right and its nature, object from the subject, the crime of duty crime crime, crime, criminal liability was introduced in the face of the duty crime cases, discusses the characteristics of duty crime investigation, and the contents of the necessity and importance of the supervision. The second chapter is the concept of supervision of duty crime investigation were defined, discussed in detail the construction of the science office made The theoretical basis of crime investigation supervision mechanism of power balance theory, human rights theory, the theory of procedural justice, litigation efficiency theory, also from the normative security duty crime investigation activities, safeguard the human rights of criminal suspects, the procuratorial organs of the judicial reform in three aspects to perfect the investigative supervision mechanism of the third. The current situation and problems of the duty crime investigation Chinese supervision mechanism, reviewed and analyzed, and points out that defects in the internal supervision mechanism of duty crime investigation is: case control mechanism of the weak and weak links, approved the arrest of supervision, the procuratorial organs at higher levels in the supervision of subordinate procuratorial organs, supervision obviously more than the prior supervision; defect of job-related crimes investigation of the right external supervision mechanism is: the dummy of the people's Congress Supervision, supervision system of people's supervisor about mechanisms In the limitation, limitation of court supervision, the suspect and his lawyer to restrict the duty crime detection power of the poor, the news media, the public and public opinion supervision deficiencies; the fourth chapter is the focus of this article. On the basis of the above research, the focus of investigation, prosecution and supervision of the total node power operation rules the proposed and demonstrated the measures and suggestions to construct the duty crime investigation supervision mechanism of our country: it seems from the internal mechanism, the main is to improve the program, regulate the handling process; from the view of external supervision, strengthen the supervision of the machine is to coordinate the clearance between the cooperation and coordination, innovation and improvement of the social supervision and other forms of supervision the system, mechanism and legal protection.

【学位授予单位】：广西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D925.2

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