行政审判一并审理民事争议探析

发布时间：2018-01-16 20:10

本文关键词：行政审判一并审理民事争议探析　出处：《兰州大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：民行关联案件在其他论述中多被称为民行交叉案件、民行交织案件或者民行重合案件,是行政审判中的热点难点问题。本文在修改后的《行政诉讼法》规定了行政审判一并审理民事争议这一模式之后,以民行关联案件这个用词,从更加宽泛的角度对民行关联案件的概念进行了阐述,从行政机关介入民事活动方式的角度把民行关联案件的成因总结为行政机关授予民商事主体资格、行政机关许可民商事行为、行政机关确认民商事法律事实和法律关系、行政机关直接参与民商事活动、行政机关裁决民商事纠纷五个主要方面,并根据分析民行关联案件审理模式的需要,将民行关联案件分为行政行为是民事诉讼的先决问题、民事案件争议的问题是行政行为的基础事实、民事争议与行政争议具有相同的基础事实、因解决民事争议而作出行政裁决、民事主体和行政机关对行政相对人的同一损害均需承担赔偿责任五个类型,并对每个类型都举例说明。文章的第二部分主要介绍了域外主要国家如大陆法系的法国、德国、日本、我国台湾地区和英美法系主要国家审理民行关联案件的模式简况,从法律制度和实践操作上对我国民行关联案件的三种模式即并行模式、先决模式、附带模式进行了概括,还对三种模式的利弊和存在的问题进行了评析。文章的重头是第三部分对修改后的《行政诉讼法》提出的一并审理模式的构建和完善。文章认为,和以往的论述和用词如“交叉”“交织”“重合”相比,修改后的《行政诉讼法》对于一并审理的条件限定为“相关”民事争议,这里的“相关”应当从更加宽泛的角度去理解,只要一并审理的民事争议能够克服分别审理时浪费司法资源、不便当事人诉讼、导致裁判矛盾等缺陷,就应当认定属于“相关民事争议”,进行一并审理,而且“民行关联案件”这一用词也是为了体现与法律规定中“一并解决相关民事争议”表述方式的统一,这一观点贯穿于全文的各个方面。文章认为人民法院行政审判庭审理民事争议没有法律上、理论上、实践上的任何障碍,也无需限定一并审理的民事争议需要附属于行政案件。文章以一并审理民事争议所要解决的现实问题为出发点,对一并审理中的案件管辖、一并审理申请的提出、案件受理费、证据、是否分案、审判组织、庭审程序、裁判方式、上诉案件的审理等进行了详细论述。在结语中,笔者提出,一并审理制度的落实和发挥更大作用还需要三方面的条件:一是在司法审判中要用更加广阔的视野来理解民行关联案件的“相关性”;二是实体法关于民行关联案件的研究依然不能停歇;三是需要司法实践对一并审理模式积极探索和总结。
[Abstract]:In other expositions, the related cases of the people's Bank are called the intersecting cases of the people, the cases of the interleaving of the people's actions or the cases of the overlapping of the people's actions. It is a hot and difficult issue in the administrative trial. After the revised "Administrative procedure Law" stipulates the mode of administrative trial to try civil disputes together, this paper uses the term "people's behavior related cases". From a broader point of view, the concept of civil and commercial related cases is expounded, and the causes of civil and commercial related cases are summarized as the civil and commercial subject qualifications granted by the administrative organs from the angle of the way of civil activities of administrative organs. The administrative organ authorizes the civil and commercial behavior, the administrative organ confirms the civil and commercial law fact and the legal relation, the administrative organ participates in the civil and commercial activities directly, the administrative organ adjudicates the civil and commercial dispute in five main aspects. According to the need of analyzing the trial mode of the related cases of the people's Bank of China, it is the first question of civil action to divide the related cases into administrative acts, and the issue of disputes in civil cases is the basic fact of the administrative acts. Civil disputes and administrative disputes have the same basic facts, because of the settlement of civil disputes and administrative decisions, civil subjects and administrative organs to the same damage to the administrative counterpart should bear five types of liability for compensation. The second part of the article mainly introduces the main extraterritorial countries such as France, Germany, Japan. In Taiwan and in the main countries of Anglo-American legal system, there are three kinds of modes, namely, parallel mode and preliminary mode, for the related cases of civil conduct in terms of the legal system and the practical operation. Collateral patterns are summarized. It also analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of the three models and the existing problems. The third part of the article is the third part of the revised "Administrative procedure Law" proposed the construction and improvement of the trial model. Compared with the previous exposition and words such as "cross" and "overlap", the revised Administrative procedure Law is limited to "relevant" civil dispute. The "relevance" here should be understood from a broader perspective, as long as the civil disputes tried together can overcome the defects such as wasting judicial resources in separate trials, inconveniencing litigants and leading to contradictions in adjudication. Should be considered as "relevant civil disputes", to be tried together, and "civil conduct related cases" this term is also to reflect the legal provisions of the "settlement of relevant civil disputes" the expression of unity. This viewpoint runs through all aspects of the full text. The article holds that the administrative division of the people's court has no legal, theoretical, practical obstacles to civil disputes. There is no need to limit the need for joint trial of civil disputes attached to administrative cases. The article to deal with civil disputes to solve the practical issues as the starting point, the jurisdiction of the case under trial. At the same time the application, case acceptance fees, evidence, whether divided into cases, trial organization, court proceedings, adjudication methods, appeal cases are discussed in detail. In the conclusion, the author puts forward. Three conditions are needed to implement and play a greater role in the joint trial system: first, to understand the "relevance" of the cases related to the civil conduct in a broader perspective in the judicial trial; Second, the research on the cases related to civil conduct in substantive law can not be stopped; Third, it needs judicial practice to actively explore and summarize the mode of trial together.
【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D925.3

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