转基因食品安全性的法律思辨——“无罪推定”还是“有罪推定”

发布时间：2018-01-17 21:19

本文关键词：转基因食品安全性的法律思辨——“无罪推定”还是“有罪推定”　出处：《法学》2015年12期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】："无罪推定"和"有罪推定"不仅是刑事诉讼中的程序法原则,也是人们常见的习惯思维倾向。从逻辑理性角度讲,"有罪推定"和"无罪推定"都是论证上诉诸无知的谬误,两者所蕴含的论证思路是通过强调对方缺乏证据证明自己观点的绝对成立,因而都不符合形式逻辑规律。自转基因食品问世以来,人们对于它的安全性争论就从未间断。赞成者和反对者都没有充分的证据让对方接受自己的观点。作为认识论上的一个盲点,转基因食品在我国应该被"无罪推定"还是被"有罪推定",这取决于我们的价值理性。无论从科技创新还是从粮食安全角度而论,中国作为一个人口大国,都不能放弃对转基因技术的研究,而任何技术只有在实际运用中才能检验其价值并得以完善。因此,作为认识论上的一种妥协,我们对待转基因食品应该采取"无罪推定"的态度。惟有如此,我们才有可能对转基因技术有进一步了解,也才有可能进一步接近事实的真相。
[Abstract]:"presumption of innocence" and "presumption of guilt" are not only principles of procedural law in criminal proceedings, but also a common tendency of customary thinking. Both "presumption of guilt" and "presumption of innocence" are the fallacies of resorting to ignorance in argument, and their reasoning ideas are to prove the absolute validity of their views by emphasizing the other side's lack of evidence. So it doesn't conform to formal logic. Since GM food came into being. The debate about its safety has never stopped. Neither the proponents nor the objectors have sufficient evidence to accept their views as a blind spot in epistemology. Whether GM food should be presumed innocent or guilty in China depends on our value rationality. In terms of scientific and technological innovation and food security, China is a large country with a large population. We can't give up the research of transgenic technology, and any technology can only be tested and perfected in practice. Therefore, as a compromise on epistemology. We should adopt a "presumption of innocence" attitude towards GM foods. Only in this way can we have a better understanding of GM technology and get closer to the truth.
【作者单位】：上海交通大学凯原法学院;
【基金】：国家社科基金重点课题“世界各国对转基因食品的政策和法律规制比较研究”(课题编号:14AGJ004)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：D925.2;D922.16
【正文快照】： 2015年第9期《法学》刊登了陈景辉先生的文章《面对转基因问题的法律态度一法律人应当如何思考科学问题》。该文作者开篇即抛出了一个“二选一”的命题,即转基因问题是“科学问题还是法律问题”,进而断言:“如果认为转基因问题的法律规制是一个科学问题,那么必然意味着在面对

【参考文献】