消费者群体性损害赔偿诉讼的类型化分析

发布时间：2018-01-17 22:08

本文关键词：消费者群体性损害赔偿诉讼的类型化分析　出处：《中国法学》2014年01期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：在侵害众多消费者合法权益案件中,因单个受害人系争利益大小诉讼类型迥然有异:利益微小者,受害人难有起诉动力,通过受害人授权以贯彻程序保障毫无意义,须由法律直接赋予团体诉讼实施权,制止违法行为、超越填补损失成为其一般目的;利益重大者,为诉讼经济考虑,亦有适用群体诉讼的必要,但诉讼实施权须由受害人明示授予,以保障其程序利益与实体利益,补偿损失、救济个体权利仍为这类案件的主要目的。消费者群体性损害赔偿诉讼的上述分化在两大法系国家及地区主要群体性诉讼中已经显现。以此来考察我国的群体诉讼制度,代表人诉讼制度的高成本决定了其无力救济小额分散性利益,其在救济大规模利益方面的困境则可通过程序保障的实质化加以缓解;公益诉讼应定位于对小额分散性利益的救济,以契合其公益性的要求。
[Abstract]:In many cases of infringing upon the legitimate rights and interests of consumers, there are different types of litigation because of the individual victims' competing interests: the victims have no motive power to sue if the interests are small. It is meaningless to carry out the procedural protection through the authorization of the victim, so it is necessary for the law to directly endow the enforcement power of the group action, to stop the illegal act, and to transcend the compensation of the loss as its general purpose; In order to protect the procedural interests and substantive interests, it is necessary to apply group action, but the right to implement the lawsuit must be expressly granted by the victim in order to protect its procedural interests and substantive interests, and to compensate for the loss. The above differentiation of consumer group damages litigation has already appeared in the main group litigation in the two legal system countries and regions. In order to investigate the group action in our country, the individual right of relief is still the main purpose of this kind of case. System. The high cost of the representative litigation system determines its inability to relieve the small and dispersed interests, and its plight in the relief of the large-scale interests can be alleviated by the substantial nature of the procedural protection. Public interest litigation should be oriented to the relief of small and scattered interests in order to meet its public welfare requirements.
【作者单位】：北京师范大学法学院;
【基金】：北京师范大学“中央高校基本科研业务费专项基金”及教育部“新世纪优秀人才支持计划”项目的资助
【分类号】：D925.1
【正文快照】： 随着公益诉讼入法,在我国形成了公益诉讼与代表人诉讼二元并立的诉讼内群体性纠纷解决机制,但二者又都存在着难以破解的困境。就公益诉讼而言,主要问题在于对“公共利益”的界定,以明确其适用对象和范围。尽管修改后的《民事诉讼法》第55条明确将污染环境与侵害众多消费者合

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