审查起诉阶段非法证据排除规则研究——以非法证据排除规则立法的中国特色为视角

发布时间：2018-01-24 09:48

本文关键词： 非法证据排除规则审查起诉证据能力证明力　出处：《学习与探索》2017年07期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：中国的非法证据排除规则立法兼顾了职权主义诉讼模式、"三机关"的关系及刑事庭审程序局限性的要求,强调"三机关"的职权排除及审前检察机关排除非法证据的重要性,具有鲜明的中国特色。审查起诉阶段的非法证据排除面临非法证据排除基点亟待矫正、非法证据的排除范围缺乏明确的实践指向性、非法证据排除程序不独立、严格的非法证据证明机制未确立、非法证据排除效果异化等问题。未来审查起诉阶段非法证据排除规则立法及实践应从以下几个方面加以完善:以证据能力为核心,强化审前排除;以严重违反法定程序为标准,实现非法证据范围认定的程序转向;对存在重大争议的非法证据排除案件,应确立独立的听证程序;诉权启动与职权启动并举,强化侦查机关的举证责任,推进非法证据证明的实质化;实现对非法取证行为的程序性制裁,避免非法证据排除效果的异化。
[Abstract]:The legislation of illegal evidence exclusion rules in China takes into account the relationship between the "three organs" and the limitation of criminal trial procedure. It emphasizes the importance of the power exclusion of the "three organs" and the exclusion of illegal evidence by the procuratorial organs before trial, which has distinct Chinese characteristics. The exclusion of illegal evidence at the stage of examination and prosecution is faced with the basis points of illegal evidence exclusion which should be rectified urgently. The exclusion scope of illegal evidence is lack of clear practice direction, illegal evidence exclusion procedure is not independent, strict illegal evidence proof mechanism has not been established. The legislation and practice of illegal evidence exclusion rules should be perfected from the following aspects: regarding the evidence capacity as the core, strengthening the pretrial exclusion; Taking serious violation of the legal procedure as the standard, realizing the procedure turn to confirm the scope of illegal evidence; An independent hearing procedure should be established for the exclusion of illegal evidence where there is a major dispute; The initiation of the right of action and the initiation of the authority strengthen the burden of proof of the investigation organ and promote the materialization of the proof of illegal evidence; To achieve procedural sanctions on illegal evidence collection, to avoid the alienation of illegal evidence exclusion effect.
【作者单位】：吉林大学法学院;
【基金】：国家“2011计划”司法文明协同创新中心研究成果司法部社科研究项目“非法证据排除规则实施性规则研究”(12SFB2029) 国家社科基金一般项目“非法证据排除规则的实践困境及其立法完善研究”(15BFX093)
【分类号】：D925.2
【正文快照】： 作为犯罪嫌疑人、被告人权利保障的一项重要规定,中国的非法证据排除规则立法直指刑讯逼供等严重的非法取证行为,任何人都不能从违法行为中获益,公权力机关恃强凌弱、公然违法一样要受到严厉的程序性制裁——非法取证行为无效,非法证据予以排除。非法证据排除规则是中国刑事诉

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